<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267</id><updated>2011-06-07T23:40:01.660-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Sancta Oria</title><subtitle type='html'>Una historia de amistad desde 1996. Ahora se translada a un Blog que tiene como objetivo acercar a los Oreados que estan separados por la distancia</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>37</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-6714645702722845073</id><published>2008-06-11T21:44:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2008-06-11T21:44:58.041-07:00</updated><title type='text'>The Fringe Benefits of Failure, and the Importance of Imagination</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9pt; line-height: 14.4pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Speech  Details&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;2008 Harvard University  Commencement, June 5, 2008. Copyright of J.K. Rowling, June 2008  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 1pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span lang="ES-CO"&gt;&lt;a title="blocked::http://www.npr.org/" href="http://www.npr.org/"&gt;&lt;i title="blocked::http://www.npr.org/"&gt;&lt;span title="blocked::http://www.npr.org/" style="font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; text-decoration: none;" lang="EN-US"&gt;NPR.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt; &lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"&gt;June 5, 2008 · &lt;/span&gt;President Faust, members of the  Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, proud  parents, and, above all, graduates, &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;The first thing I would  like to say is 'thank you.' Not only has Harvard given me an extraordinary  honor, but the weeks of fear and nausea I've experienced at the thought of  giving this commencement address have made me lose weight. A win-win situation!  Now all I have to do is take deep breaths, squint at the red banners and fool  myself into believing I am at the world's best-educated Harry Potter convention.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Delivering a  commencement address is a great responsibility; or so I thought until I cast my  mind back to my own graduation. The commencement speaker that day was the  distinguished British philosopher Baroness Mary Warnock. Reflecting on her  speech has helped me enormously in writing this one, because it turns out that I  can't remember a single word she said. This liberating discovery enables me to  proceed without any fear that I might inadvertently influence you to abandon  promising careers in business, law or politics for the giddy delights of  becoming a gay wizard. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;You see? If all you  remember in years to come is the 'gay wizard' joke, I've still come out ahead of  Baroness Mary Warnock. Achievable goals: the first step towards personal  improvement. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Actually, I have wracked  my mind and heart for what I ought to say to you today. I have asked myself what  I wish I had known at my own graduation, and what important lessons I have  learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I have come up with two  answers. On this wonderful day when we are gathered together to celebrate your  academic success, I have decided to talk to you about the benefits of failure.  And as you stand on the threshold of what is sometimes called 'real life', I  want to extol the crucial importance of imagination. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;These might seem  quixotic or paradoxical choices, but please bear with me. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Looking back at the  21-year-old that I was at graduation, is a slightly uncomfortable experience for  the 42-year-old that she has become. Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an  uneasy balance between the ambition I had for myself, and what those closest to  me expected of me. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I was convinced that the  only thing I wanted to do, ever, was to write novels. However, my parents, both  of whom came from impoverished backgrounds and neither of whom had been to  college, took the view that my overactive imagination was an amusing personal  quirk that could never pay a mortgage, or secure a  pension.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;They had hoped that I  would take a vocational degree; I wanted to study English Literature. A  compromise was reached that in retrospect satisfied nobody, and I went up to  study Modern Languages. Hardly had my parents' car rounded the corner at the end  of the road than I ditched German and scuttled off down the Classics corridor.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I cannot remember  telling my parents that I was studying Classics; they might well have found out  for the first time on graduation day. Of all subjects on this planet, I think  they would have been hard put to name one less useful than Greek mythology when  it came to securing the keys to an executive bathroom. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I would like to make it  clear, in parenthesis, that I do not blame my parents for their point of view.  There is an expiry date on blaming your parents for steering you in the wrong  direction; the moment you are old enough to take the wheel, responsibility lies  with you. What is more, I cannot criticize my parents for hoping that I would  never experience poverty. They had been poor themselves, and I have since been  poor, and I quite agree with them that it is not an ennobling experience.  Poverty entails fear, and stress, and sometimes depression; it means a thousand  petty humiliations and hardships. Climbing out of poverty by your own efforts,  that is indeed something on which to pride yourself, but poverty itself is  romanticized only by fools. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;What I feared most for  myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;At your age, in spite of  a distinct lack of motivation at university, where I had spent far too long in  the coffee bar writing stories, and far too little time at lectures, I had a  knack for passing examinations, and that, for years, had been the measure of  success in my life and that of my peers. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I am not dull enough to  suppose that because you are young, gifted and well-educated, you have never  known hardship or heartbreak. Talent and intelligence never yet inoculated  anyone against the caprice of the Fates, and I do not for a moment suppose that  everyone here has enjoyed an existence of unruffled privilege and contentment.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;However, the fact that  you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you are not very well-acquainted  with failure. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire  for success. Indeed, your conception of failure might not be too far from the  average person's idea of success, so high have you already flown academically.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Ultimately, we all have  to decide for ourselves what constitutes failure, but the world is quite eager  to give you a set of criteria if you let it. So I think it fair to say that by  any conventional measure, a mere seven years after my graduation day, I had  failed on an epic scale. An exceptionally short-lived marriage had imploded, and  I was jobless, a lone parent, and as poor as it is possible to be in modern  Britain, without being homeless. The fears my parents had had for me, and that I  had had for myself, had both come to pass, and by every usual standard, I was  the biggest failure I knew. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Now, I am not going to  stand here and tell you that failure is fun. That period of my life was a dark  one, and I had no idea that there was going to be what the press has since  represented as a kind of fairy tale resolution. I had no idea how far the tunnel  extended, and for a long time, any light at the end of it was a hope rather than  a reality. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;So why do I talk about  the benefits of failure? Simply because failure meant a stripping away of the  inessential. I stopped pretending to myself that I was anything other than what  I was, and began to direct all my energy into finishing the only work that  mattered to me. Had I really succeeded at anything else, I might never have  found the determination to succeed in the one arena I believed I truly belonged.  I was set free, because my greatest fear had already been realized, and I was  still alive, and I still had a daughter whom I adored, and I had an old  typewriter and a big idea. And so rock bottom became the solid foundation on  which I rebuilt my life. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;You might never fail on  the scale I did, but some failure in life is inevitable. It is impossible to  live without failing at something, unless you live so cautiously that you might  as well not have lived at all – in which case, you fail by default.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Failure gave me an inner  security that I had never attained by passing examinations. Failure taught me  things about myself that I could have learned no other way. I discovered that I  had a strong will, and more discipline than I had suspected; I also found out  that I had friends whose value was truly above rubies. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;The knowledge that you  have emerged wiser and stronger from setbacks means that you are, ever after,  secure in your ability to survive. You will never truly know yourself, or the  strength of your relationships, until both have been tested by adversity. Such  knowledge is a true gift, for all that it is painfully won, and it has been  worth more to me than any qualification I ever earned. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Given a time machine or  a Time Turner, I would tell my 21-year-old self that personal happiness lies in  knowing that life is not a check-list of acquisition or achievement. Your  qualifications, your CV, are not your life, though you will meet many people of  my age and older who confuse the two. Life is difficult, and complicated, and  beyond anyone's total control, and the humility to know that will enable you to  survive its vicissitudes. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;You might think that I  chose my second theme, the importance of imagination, because of the part it  played in rebuilding my life, but that is not wholly so. Though I will defend  the value of bedtime stories to my last gasp, I have learned to value  imagination in a much broader sense. Imagination is not only the uniquely human  capacity to envision that which is not, and therefore the fount of all invention  and innovation. In its arguably most transformative and revelatory capacity, it  is the power that enables us to empathize with humans whose experiences we have  never shared. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;One of the greatest  formative experiences of my life preceded Harry Potter, though it informed much  of what I subsequently wrote in those books. This revelation came in the form of  one of my earliest day jobs. Though I was sloping off to write stories during my  lunch hours, I paid the rent in my early 20s by working in the research  department at Amnesty International's headquarters in London.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;There in my little  office I read hastily scribbled letters smuggled out of totalitarian regimes by  men and women who were risking imprisonment to inform the outside world of what  was happening to them. I saw photographs of those who had disappeared without  trace, sent to Amnesty by their desperate families and friends. I read the  testimony of torture victims and saw pictures of their injuries. I opened  handwritten, eye-witness accounts of summary trials and executions, of  kidnappings and rapes. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Many of my co-workers  were ex-political prisoners, people who had been displaced from their homes, or  fled into exile, because they had the temerity to think independently of their  government. Visitors to our office included those who had come to give  information, or to try and find out what had happened to those they had been  forced to leave behind. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I shall never forget the  African torture victim, a young man no older than I was at the time, who had  become mentally ill after all he had endured in his homeland. He trembled  uncontrollably as he spoke into a video camera about the brutality inflicted  upon him. He was a foot taller than I was, and seemed as fragile as a child. I  was given the job of escorting him to the Underground Station afterwards, and  this man whose life had been shattered by cruelty took my hand with exquisite  courtesy, and wished me future happiness. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;And as long as I live I  shall remember walking along an empty corridor and suddenly hearing, from behind  a closed door, a scream of pain and horror such as I have never heard since. The  door opened, and the researcher poked out her head and told me to run and make a  hot drink for the young man sitting with her. She had just given him the news  that in retaliation for his own outspokenness against his country's regime, his  mother had been seized and executed. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Every day of my working  week in my early 20s I was reminded how incredibly fortunate I was, to live in a  country with a democratically elected government, where legal representation and  a public trial were the rights of everyone. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Every day, I saw more  evidence about the evils humankind will inflict on their fellow humans, to gain  or maintain power. I began to have nightmares, literal nightmares, about some of  the things I saw, heard and read. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;And yet I also learned  more about human goodness at Amnesty International than I had ever known before.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Amnesty mobilizes  thousands of people who have never been tortured or imprisoned for their beliefs  to act on behalf of those who have. The power of human empathy, leading to  collective action, saves lives, and frees prisoners. Ordinary people, whose  personal well-being and security are assured, join together in huge numbers to  save people they do not know, and will never meet. My small participation in  that process was one of the most humbling and inspiring experiences of my life.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Unlike any other  creature on this planet, humans can learn and understand, without having  experienced. They can think themselves into other people's minds, imagine  themselves into other people's places. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Of course, this is a  power, like my brand of fictional magic, that is morally neutral. One might use  such an ability to manipulate, or control, just as much as to understand or  sympathize. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;And many prefer not to  exercise their imaginations at all. They choose to remain comfortably within the  bounds of their own experience, never troubling to wonder how it would feel to  have been born other than they are. They can refuse to hear screams or to peer  inside cages; they can close their minds and hearts to any suffering that does  not touch them personally; they can refuse to know. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I might be tempted to  envy people who can live that way, except that I do not think they have any  fewer nightmares than I do. Choosing to live in narrow spaces can lead to a form  of mental agoraphobia, and that brings its own terrors. I think the willfully  unimaginative see more monsters. They are often more afraid.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;What is more, those who  choose not to empathize may enable real monsters. For without ever committing an  act of outright evil ourselves, we collude with it, through our own apathy.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;One of the many things I  learned at the end of that Classics corridor down which I ventured at the age of  18, in search of something I could not then define, was this, written by the  Greek author Plutarch: What we achieve inwardly will change outer reality.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;That is an astonishing  statement and yet proven a thousand times every day of our lives. It expresses,  in part, our inescapable connection with the outside world, the fact that we  touch other people's lives simply by existing. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;But how much more are  you, Harvard graduates of 2008, likely to touch other people's lives? Your  intelligence, your capacity for hard work, the education you have earned and  received, give you unique status, and unique responsibilities. Even your  nationality sets you apart. The great majority of you belong to the world's only  remaining superpower. The way you vote, the way you live, the way you protest,  the pressure you bring to bear on your government, has an impact way beyond your  borders. That is your privilege, and your burden. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;If you choose to use  your status and influence to raise your voice on behalf of those who have no  voice; if you choose to identify not only with the powerful, but with the  powerless; if you retain the ability to imagine yourself into the lives of those  who do not have your advantages, then it will not only be your proud families  who celebrate your existence, but thousands and millions of people whose reality  you have helped transform for the better. We do not need magic to change the  world, we carry all the power we need inside ourselves already: we have the  power to imagine better. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I am nearly finished. I  have one last hope for you, which is something that I already had at 21. The  friends with whom I sat on graduation day have been my friends for life. They  are my children's godparents, the people to whom I've been able to turn in times  of trouble, friends who have been kind enough not to sue me when I've used their  names for Death Eaters. At our graduation we were bound by enormous affection,  by our shared experience of a time that could never come again, and, of course,  by the knowledge that we held certain photographic evidence that would be  exceptionally valuable if any of us ran for Prime Minister.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;So today, I can wish you  nothing better than similar friendships. And tomorrow, I hope that even if you  remember not a single word of mine, you remember those of Seneca, another of  those old Romans I met when I fled down the Classics corridor, in retreat from  career ladders, in search of ancient wisdom: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;As is a tale, so is  life: not how long it is, but how good it is, is what matters.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;I wish you all very good  lives. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Thank you very much.  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 15pt; line-height: 15.75pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;Copyright of J.K.  Rowling, June 2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-6714645702722845073?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/6714645702722845073/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=6714645702722845073' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/6714645702722845073'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/6714645702722845073'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2008/06/fringe-benefits-of-failure-and.html' title='The Fringe Benefits of Failure, and the Importance of Imagination'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-3731736539100326034</id><published>2008-02-12T18:48:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2008-02-12T18:49:28.969-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Hasta que por fin...</title><content type='html'>Salio FACEBOOK en Espaniol...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;http://es.facebook.com/&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-3731736539100326034?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/3731736539100326034/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=3731736539100326034' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/3731736539100326034'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/3731736539100326034'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2008/02/hasta-que-por-fin.html' title='Hasta que por fin...'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-3280487943156133780</id><published>2007-12-09T08:05:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-12-09T08:06:55.309-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Una forma de ver el legado de Uribe desde la oposicion</title><content type='html'>"Con un Polo que dice a todo no, no se puede gobernar el país. Lo declaran a uno uribista o neouribista, porque uno respeta cosas del uribismo. Me parece que no hubiéramos podido lograr los resultados que logramos solamente con la inversión política, con no habernos robado la plata, con haber reorientado el presupuesto, con haber hecho las metas de crecimiento en Bogotá, si no hubiéramos tenido un entorno determinado. Y ese entorno, gracias al Ejército y a la Policía, reventó el te-rrorismo, reventó el secuestro, cambió la situación económica. Entonces, negarle eso al uribismo, como factor de valor agregado, me parece una pendejada."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;-- Lucho Garzon (Alcalde de Bogota - Polo Democratico)&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-3280487943156133780?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/3280487943156133780/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=3280487943156133780' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/3280487943156133780'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/3280487943156133780'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/12/una-forma-de-ver-el-legado-de-uribe.html' title='Una forma de ver el legado de Uribe desde la oposicion'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-8734535525830337586</id><published>2007-12-01T10:50:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-12-01T10:56:02.798-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Carta de Ingrid Betancourt</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="textoNormal"&gt;"Este es un momento muy duro para mí. Piden pruebas de supervivencia a quemarropa y aquí estoy escribiéndote mi alma tendida sobre este papel. Estoy mal físicamente. No he vuelto a comer, el apetito se me bloqueó, el pelo se me cae en grandes cantidades.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;No tengo ganas de nada. Creo que eso es lo único que está bien, no tengo ganas de nada porque aquí en esta selva la única respuesta a todo es 'no'. Es mejor, entonces, no querer nada para quedar libre al menos de deseos. Hace 3 años estoy pidiendo un diccionario enciclopédico para leer algo, aprender algo, mantener la curiosidad intelectual viva. Sigo esperando que al menos por compasión me faciliten uno, pero es mejor no pensar en eso.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;De ahí para adelante, cualquier cosa es un milagro, hasta oírte por las mañanas porque el radio que tengo es muy viejo y dañado.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Quiero pedirte mamita linda que le digas a los niños que quiero que me manden tres mensajes semanales (...) Nada trascendental, sino lo que puedan y se les ocurra escribir de afán (...) No necesito nada más, pero necesito estar en contacto con ellos. Es la única información vital, trascendental, imprescindible, lo demás ya no me importa (...).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como te decía, la vida aquí no es vida, es un desperdicio lúgubre de tiempo. Vivo o sobrevivo en una hamaca tendida entre dos palos, cubierta con un mosquitero y con una carpa encima, que oficia de techo, con lo cual puedo pensar que tengo una casa.&lt;br /&gt;Tengo una repisa donde pongo mi equipo, es decir, el morral con la ropa y la Biblia que es mi único lujo. Todo listo para salir corriendo. Aquí nada es propio, nada dura, la incertidumbre y la precariedad son la única constante. En cualquier momento dan la orden de empacar y duerme uno en cualquier hueco, tendido en cualquier sitio, como cualquier animal (...) Me sudan las manos y se me nubla la mente y termino haciendo las cosas dos veces más despacio que lo normal. Las marchas son un calvario porque mi equipo es muy pesado y no puedo con él (...) Pero todo es estresante, se pierden mis cosas o me las quitan, como el bluyin que Mela (Mélani) me había regalado en Navidad, con el que me cogieron. Lo único que he podido salvar es la chaqueta, ha sido una bendición, porque las noches son heladas y no he tenido más que echarme encima.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Antes disfrutaba cada baño en el río. Como soy la única mujer del grupo, me toca prácticamente vestida: shorts, brasier, camiseta, botas. Antes me gustaba nadar en el río hoy ni siquiera tengo alientos para eso. Estoy débil, friolenta, parezco un gato acercándose al agua. Yo que tanto he adorado el agua, ni me reconozco. (...) Pero desde que separaron los grupos no he tenido ni el interés ni la energía para hacer nada. Hago algo de estiramiento porque el estrés me bloquea el cuello y duele mucho.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Con los ejercicios de estiramiento, el split y demás logro aliviar un poco la tensión en el cuello. (...) Yo trato de guardar silencio, hablo lo menos posible para evitar problemas. La presencia de una mujer en medio de tantos prisioneros que llevan 8 y 10 años cautivos es un problema (...) En las requisas le quitan a uno lo que uno más quiere. Una carta que me llegó tuya me la quitaron después de la última prueba de supervivencia en el 2003. Los dibujos de Natasha y Stanis, las fotos de Mela y Loli, el escapulario de mi papá, un programa de gobierno con 190 puntos, todo me lo quitaron. Cada día me queda menos de mí misma. Algunos detalles ya Pinchao te los contó. Todo es duro.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Es importante que le dedique estas líneas a aquellos seres que son mi oxígeno, mi vida. A quienes me mantienen con la cabeza fuera del agua, no me dejan ahogarme en el olvido, la nada y la desesperanza. Ellos son tu, mis hijos, Astrica y mis chiquitines, Fab, tía Nancy y Juangui.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Todos los días estoy en comunicación con Dios, Jesús y la Virgen (...) Aquí todo tienen dos caras, la alegría viene y luego el dolor.&lt;br /&gt;La felicidad es triste. El amor alivia y abre heridas nuevas... es vivir y morir de nuevo. Durante años no pude pensar en los niños y el dolor de la muerte de mi papá copaba toda la capacidad de aguante. Llorando pensaba en ellos, sentía que me asfixiaba, que no podía respirar. Entre mí me decía: "Fab está ahí, él cuida de todo, no hay que pensarlo ni hay que pensar". Casi me enloquezco con la muerte de mi papá. Nunca supe cómo fue, quiénes estaban, si me dejó un mensaje, una carta, una bendición. Pero lo que ha aliviado mi tormenta es pensar que se fue confiando en Dios y que allá volveré a abrazarlo. De eso estoy segura. Sentirte fuerte ha sido mi fuerza. Yo no vi mensajes sino hasta que me unieron con Lucho, Luis Eladio Pérez, el 22 de agosto del 2003. Fuimos amigos entrañables, nos separamos en agosto. Pero durante ese tiempo él fue mi apoyo, mi escudero, mi hermano (...).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tengo en mi memoria cada una de las edades (de mis hijos). En cada cumpleaños les canto el Happy Birthday. Solicito que me permitan hacer una torta. Pero desde hace tres años siempre que pido, la respuesta es no. Igual, si traen una galleta o una sopa cualquiera de arroz y fríjol, que es lo usual, con eso hago de cuenta que es una torta y les celebro en mi corazón su cumpleaños.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A mi Melelinga (Melanie); mi sol de primavera, mi princesa de la constelación del cisne, a ella que tanto adoro, quiero decirte que soy la mamá más orgullosa de esta tierra (...) Y si tuviera que morir hoy, me iría satisfecha con la vida dándole gracias a Dios por mis hijos. Estoy feliz con su master en N.Y. Eso es exactamente lo que yo le hubiera aconsejado (...) Pero ojo, es muy importante que haga su DOCTORADO. En el mundo de hoy, hasta para respirar se necesitan credenciales (...) No me voy a cansar en insitirle a Loli (Lorenzo) y Mela que no claudiquen hasta obtener su PhD. Quisiera que Mela me lo prometiera (...).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(Le da muchos consejos a Melanie y concluye) Siempre te he dicho que eres lo mejor, mucho mejor que yo, algo así como la mejor versión de lo que yo quisiera ser. Por eso, con la experiencia que he acumulado en mi vida y en la perspectiva que da del mundo mirarlo desde la distancia, te pido mi vida que te prepares para llegar a la cumbre.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A mi Lorenzo, mi Loli Pop, mi ángel de luz, mi rey de aguas azules, mi chief musician que me canta, y me encata, al dueño de mi corazón, quiero decirle que desde el día en que nació hasta hoy ha sido mi manantial de alegrías. Todo lo que viene de él es bálsamo para mi alma, todo me reconforta, todo me apacigua, todo me da placer y placidez (Asimismo le dedica varios párrafos a su hijo Lorenzo). Al fin pude oírle la voz, un par de veces este año. Me dio temblor de la emoción. Es mi Loli, la voz de mi niño, pero ya hay otro hombre encima de la voz de niño. Una ronquera de hombre-hombre, como la de mi papá. (...) El otro día recorté una foto en la prensa, que llegó de casualidad. Es una propaganda de un perfume de Carolina Herrera '212 Sexy men'. Sale un muchacho joven y pensé: así debe estar mi Lorenzo. Y la guardé&lt;br /&gt;(...) Tienen la vida pendiente, busquen llegar a lo más alto, estudiar es crecer, no solo por lo que se aprende intelectualmente, sino por la experiencia humana, la gente alrededor de uno que lo alimenta emocionalmente para tener cada día mayor control sobre uno mismo, y espiritualmente, para moldear un mayor carácter de servicio a los demás, donde el ego se reduzca a su más mínima expresión y se crezca en humildad y fuerza moral. Una va con otra. Eso es vivir, crecer para servir (...).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A mi Sebastián adorado, mi pequeño príncipe de viajes astrales y ancestrales. ¡Tanto que quiero decirle! Primero, que no quiero irme de este mundo sin que él tenga el conocimiento, la certeza y la confirmación de que no son 2, sino 3 mis hijos del alma (...) Pero con él tendré que desenredar años de silencios que me pesan demasiado desde el cautiverio. Decidí que mi color favorito es el azul de sus ojos (...). Por si acaso no llego a salir de aquí, te lo escribo para que lo guardes en tu alma, mi Babon adorado, y para que entiendas, lo que yo entendí cuando tus hermanos nacieron, y es que siempre te he querido como al hijo que eres y que Dios me dio. Los demás son formalidades.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(Luego le dedica otros párrafos a Fabrice Delloye, el padre de sus hijos) Yo sé que Fab ha sufrido mucho por mí. Pero que su sufrimiento tenga alivio en saber que él ha sido fuente de paz para mí. (...) Dile a Fab que en él me recuesto, sobre sus hombros lloro, en el me apoyo para seguir sonriendo de tristeza, su amor me hace fuerte. Porque está él al frente de las necesidades de mis hijos, puedo terminar de respirar sin que me duela tanto la vida. (...)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A mi Astrica, tantas cosas que no sé por donde empezar. De pronto decirle que su "hojita de vida" me salvó durante el primer año de secuestro, durante el año de duelo de mi papá. (...)&lt;br /&gt;Necesito hablar con ella de todos estos momentos, y abrazarla y llorar hasta que se me agote el pozo de lágrimas que tengo en el cuerpo. En todo lo que hago durante el día está ella como referencia. Siempre pienso, "Esto lo hacía con Astrid cuando éramos chiquitas", o "esto lo hacía Astrid mejor que yo" (...) La he oído varias veces por radio. Siento mucha admiración por su impecable expresión, por la calidad de su reflexión, por el dominio de sus emociones, por la elegancia de sus sentimientos. La oigo y pienso: "Yo quiero ser así" (...). Me imagino cómo gozan con Anastasia y Stanis (sobrinos de Ingrid). Como me ha dolido que me quitaran sus dibujos. El poema de Anastasia decía, "por un golpe de suerte, por un golpe de magia o un golpe de Dios, en tres años o 3 días estarás de vuelta con nosotros". Y el dibujo de Stanis era un rescate con helicóptero, yo dormida en una caleta igualita a las de aquí, y él era mi salvador. (Luego agradece a otros familiares).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mamita, son tantas las personas a las cuales quiero darles las gracias por acordarse de nosotros, por no habernos abandonado. Durante mucho tiempo hemos sido como los leprosos que afean el baile, los secuestrados no somos un tema "políticamente correcto", suena mejor decir que hay que ser fuertes frente a la guerrilla aún sin sacrificar algunas vidas humanas. Ante eso, el silencio. Solo el tiempo puede abrir las conciencias y elevar los espíritus. Pienso en la grandeza de los Estados Unidos, por ejemplo. Esa grandeza no es el fruto de la riqueza en tierras, materias primas, etc, sino el fruto de la grandeza de alma de los líderes que moldearon la Nación. Cuando Lincoln defendió el derecho a la vida y a la libertad de los esclavos negros de América, también se enfrento con muchos Floridas y Praderas.&lt;br /&gt;Muchos intereses económicos y políticos que consideraban que eran superiores a la vida y a la libertad de un puñado de negros. Pero Lincoln ganó, y quedó impreso en el colectivo de esa nación la prioridad de la vida del ser humano sobre cualquier otro interés.&lt;br /&gt;En Colombia todavía tenemos que pensar de dónde venimos, quiénes somos y a dónde queremos ir. Yo aspiro a que algún día tengamos esa sed de grandeza que hace surgir a los pueblos de la nada hacia el sol. Cuando seamos incondicionales ante la defensa de la vida y de la libertad de los nuestros, es decir, cuando seamos menos individualistas y más solidarios, menos indiferentes y más comprometidos, menos intolerantes y más compasivos. Entonces ese día seremos la nación grande que todos quisiéramos que fuéramos. Esa grandeza está ahí dormidita en los corazones. Pero los corazones se han endurecido y pesan tanto que no permiten sentimientos elevados. Pero hay mucha gente que yo quisiera agradecer porque están contribuyendo a despertar los espíritus y a engrandecer a Colombia. No puedo mencionarlos a todos pero sí a algunos (menciona al ex presidente López "y en general a los ex presidentes liberales", a Hernán Echavarría, a los familiares de los diputados, a Monseñor Castro y al Padre Echeverri).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mamita, ay vinieron por las cartas. No voy a alcanzar a escribir todo lo que quisiera. A Piedad y a Chávez todo, todo mi afecto y mi admiración. Nuestras vidas están ahí, en el corazón de ellos, que sé que es grande y valeroso. (les dedica de a párrafo de agradecimiento a Chávez, a Álvaro Leyva, a Lucho Garzón y a Gustavo Petro, y luego menciona a periodistas).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mi corazón también le pertenece a Francia (...) Cuando la noche era la más oscura, Francia fue el faro. Cuando era mal visto pedir nuestra libertad. Francia no se calló. Cuando acusaron a nuestras familias de hacer daño a Colombia, Francia les dio apoyo y consuelo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;No podría creer que es posible algún día libre de aquí, si no conociera la historia de Francia y de su pueblo. Le he pedido a Dios que me cubra de la misma fuerza con la que Francia ha sabido soportar la adversidad para sentirme más digna de ser contada entre sus hijos. Quiero a Francia con el alma, las voces de mi ser buscan nutrirse de los componentes de su carácter nacional, siempre buscando guiarse por principios y no por intereses. Quiero a Francia con mi corazón, porque admiro la capacidad de movilización de un pueblo que como Camus entiende que vivir es comprometerse. (...) Todos estos años han sido terribles, pero no creo que podría seguir aún viva sin el compromiso que nos brindaron a todos los que aquí vivimos muertos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(...) Sé que lo que estamos viviendo está lleno de incognitas, pero la historia tiene su propios tiempos de maduración, y el presidente Sarkozy está parado en el meridiano de la historia. Con el presidente Chávez, el presidente Bush y la solidaridad de todo el continente podríamos presenciar un milagro.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Durante muchos años he pensado que mientras esté viva, mientras siga respirando, tengo que seguir albergando la esperanza. Ya no tengo las mismas fuerzas, ya me cuesta mucho trabajo seguir creyendo, pero quería que sientan que lo que han hecho por nosotros marca la diferencia. Nos hemos sentido seres humanos (...). Mamita tendría más cosas para decirte. Explicarte que hace tiempo no tengo noticias de Clara y de su bebé (...). Bueno, mamita, Dios nos ayude, nos guíe, nos dé paciencia y nos cubra. Por siempre y para siempre.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;-- Ingrid Betancourt (Nov 2007)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;Íngrid Betancourt Pulecio&lt;/b&gt; (&lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá"&gt;Bogotá&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_de_diciembre" title="25 de diciembre"&gt;25 de diciembre&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961" title="1961"&gt;1961&lt;/a&gt;) es una politica colombiana &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtico" title="Político"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;que ha sido representante a la camara, senadora y candidata presidencial.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ingrid Betancourt fue secuestrada por las &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/FARC" title="FARC"&gt;FARC&lt;/a&gt; el 23 de febrero de 2002 mientras hacía campaña para las elecciones presidenciales. En la actualidad &lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;sigue en cautiverio en la selva colombiana en condiciones precarias. &lt;p&gt;Hija de Gabriel Betancourt, quien fuera Ministro de Educación durante el régimen militar del General &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustavo_Rojas_Pinilla" title="Gustavo Rojas Pinilla"&gt;Gustavo Rojas Pinilla&lt;/a&gt; y de Yolanda Pulecio, quien fuera reina de belleza y senadora, Betancourt estudió ciencias políticas en Frnacia donde su padre se desempeñaba como embajador ante la &lt;a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO"&gt;UNESCO&lt;/a&gt;. Allí conoció a su primer marido, con quien se desposaría en 1981, tendría dos hijos y por quien obtendría la nacionalidad francesa.&lt;/p&gt;Source: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingrid_Betancourt&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-8734535525830337586?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/8734535525830337586/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=8734535525830337586' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/8734535525830337586'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/8734535525830337586'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/12/carta-de-ingrid-betancourt.html' title='Carta de Ingrid Betancourt'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-5353420565936548780</id><published>2007-09-26T18:22:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2007-09-26T18:25:43.492-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Colombia - Espereme que alla voy</title><content type='html'>Bueno ya salio el plan para Noviembre. Estaremos por Colombia por unos dias. La idea es pasar el cumpleanios de Vicky y de ñapa el de Ivancho por la buena Bogota.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ultimamente no estoy seguro si extraño mas o menos a Bogota. Mi vida aqui en Boston se esta acomodando muy bien. No sera que es por la piscina en el edificio? o el buen clima de la temporada? Seguro cuando llegue el invierno de verdad estare maldiciendo a los cuatro vientos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El otro día comentabamos que nos gustaria ir para Londres el proximo año. La idea sería pasar por Oxford para visitar al Rich. No estoy seguro si para Marzo, Abril o Mayo pero por ahi vamos. Por lo menos ya esta en la mente.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nadie tiene un viajecito planeado por Boston? Dicen que las universidades son la chimba por aca. Ahi veran ustedes?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bueno, espero verlos pronto.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-5353420565936548780?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/5353420565936548780/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=5353420565936548780' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/5353420565936548780'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/5353420565936548780'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/09/colombia-espereme-que-alla-voy.html' title='Colombia - Espereme que alla voy'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-8780061815093730949</id><published>2007-05-31T09:05:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2007-05-31T09:21:20.753-07:00</updated><title type='text'>The Return of the Idiot</title><content type='html'>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;FOREIGN POLICY (May/June 2007)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By Alvaro Vargas Llosa&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Throughout the 20th century, &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin  America&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s populist leaders waved Marxist banners, railed against foreign imperialists, and promised to deliver their people from poverty. One after another, their ideologically driven policies proved to be sluggish and shortsighted. Their failures led to a temporary retreat of the strongman. But now, a new generation of self-styled revolutionaries is trying to revive the misguided methods of their predecessors.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Ten years ago, Colombian writer Plinio Apuleyo Mendoza, Cuban writer Carlos Alberto Montaner, and I wrote Guide to the Perfect Latin American Idiot, a book criticizing opinion and political leaders who clung to ill-conceived political myths despite evidence to the contrary. The “Idiot” species, we suggested, bore responsibility for &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin  America&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s underdevelopment. Its beliefs—revolution, economic nationalism, hatred of the United States, faith in the government as an agent of social justice, a passion for strongman rule over the rule of law—derived, in our opinion, from an inferiority complex. In the late 1990s, it seemed as if the Idiot were finally retreating. But the retreat was short lived. Today, the species is back in force in the form of populist heads of state who are reenacting the failed policies of the past, opinion leaders from around the world who are lending new credence to them, and supporters who are giving new life to ideas that seemed extinct. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Because of the inexorable passing of time, today’s young Latin American Idiots prefer Shakira’s pop ballads to Pérez Prado’s mambos and no longer sing leftist anthems like “The Internationale” or “Until Always Comandante.” But they are still descendants of rural migrants, middle class, and deeply resentful of the frivolous lives of the wealthy displayed in the glossy magazines they discreetly leaf through on street corners. State-run universities provide them with a class-based view of society that argues that wealth is something that needs to be retaken from those who have stolen it. For these young Idiots, Latin America’s condition is the result of Spanish and Portuguese colonialism, followed by &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;U.S.&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; imperialism. These basic beliefs provide a safety valve for their grievances against a society that offers scant opportunity for social mobility. Freud might say they have deficient egos that are unable to mediate between their instincts and their idea of morality. Instead, they suppress the notion that predation and vindictiveness are wrong and rationalize their aggressiveness with elementary notions of Marxism. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Latin American Idiots have traditionally identified themselves with caudillos, those larger-than-life authoritarian figures who have dominated the region’s politics, ranting against foreign influence and republican institutions. Two leaders in particular inspire today’s Idiot: President Hugo Chávez of &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; and President Evo Morales of &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Bolivia&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;. Chávez is seen as the perfect successor to &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Cuba&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s Fidel Castro (whom the Idiot also admires): He came to power through the ballot box, which exonerates him from the need to justify armed struggle, and he has abundant oil, which means he can put his money where his mouth is when it comes to championing social causes. The Idiot also credits Chávez with the most progressive policy of all—putting the military, that paradigm of oligarchic rule, to work on social programs. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;For his part, &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Bolivia&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s Evo Morales has indigenista appeal. In the eyes of the Idiot, the former coca farmer is the reincarnation of Túpac Katari, an 18th-century Aymara rebel who, before his execution by Spanish colonial authorities, vowed, “I shall return and I shall be millions.” They believe Morales when he professes to speak for the indigenous masses, from southern &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Mexico&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; to the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Andes&lt;/st1:place&gt;, who seek redress of the exploitation inflicted on them by 300 years of colonial rule and 200 more of oligarchic republican rule. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The Idiot’s worldview, in turn, finds an echo among distinguished intellectuals in Europe and the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;. These pontificators assuage their troubled consciences by espousing exotic causes in developing nations. Their opinions attract fans among First-World youngsters for whom globalization phobia provides the perfect opportunity to find spiritual satisfaction in the populist jeremiad of the Latin American Idiot against the wicked West. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;There’s nothing original about First-World intellectuals’ projecting their utopias onto &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;. Christopher Columbus stumbled on the shores of the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Americas&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; at a time when Renaissance utopian ideas were in vogue; from the very beginning, conquistadors described the lands as nothing short of paradisiacal. The myth of the Good Savage—the idea that the natives of the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;New World&lt;/st1:place&gt; embodied a pristine goodness untarnished by the evils of civilization—impregnated the European mind. The tendency to use the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Americas&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; as an escape valve for frustration with the insufferable comfort and cornucopia of Western civilization continued for centuries. By the 1960s and 70s, when Latin America was riddled with Marxist terrorist organizations, these violent groups enjoyed massive support in Europe and the United States among people who never would have accepted Castro-style totalitarian rule at home. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The current revival of the Latin American Idiot has precipitated the return of his counterparts: the patronizing American and European Idiots. Once again, important academics and writers are projecting their idealism, guilty consciences, or grievances against their own societies onto the Latin American scene, lending their names to nefarious populist causes. Nobel Prizewinners, including British playwright Harold Pinter, Portuguese novelist José Saramago, and American economist Joseph Stiglitz; American linguists such as Noam Chomsky and sociologists like James Petras; European journalists like Ignacio Ramonet and some foreign correspondents for outlets such as Le Nouvel Observateur in France, Die Zeit in Germany, and the Washington Post in the United States, are once again propagating absurdities that shape the opinions of millions of readers and sanctify the Latin American Idiot. This intellectual lapse would be quite innocuous if it didn’t have consequences. But, to the extent that it legitimizes the type of government that is actually at the heart of &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s political and economic underdevelopment, it constitutes a form of intellectual treason. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;A FOREIGN AFFAIR &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The most notable example today of the symbiosis between certain Western intellectuals and Latin American caudillos is the love affair between American and European Idiots and Hugo Chávez. The Venezuelan leader, despite his nationalist tendencies, has no qualms about citing foreigners in his speeches in order to strengthen his positions. Just witness Chávez’s speech at the United Nations last September in which he praised Chomsky’s Hegemony or Survival: &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;America&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s Quest for Global Dominance. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Likewise, in presentations at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chomsky has pointed to &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; as an example for the developing world, touting social policies that have achieved success in education and medical assistance and rescued the dignity of Venezuelans. He has also expressed admiration for the fact that “&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; successfully challenged the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United   States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;, and this country doesn’t like challenges, much less so if they are successful.” &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;But in actuality, &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s social programs have, with help from the Cuban intelligence services, become vehicles for political regimentation and social dependence on the government. Furthermore, their effectiveness is suspect. The Centro de Documentación y Análisis Social de la Federación Venezolana de Maestros, a teachers’ union think tank, reported in 2006 that 80 percent of Venezuela’s households have difficulty covering the cost of food—the same proportion as when Chávez came to power in 1999, and when the price of oil was one third the price it is today. As for the dignity of the people, the real story is that there have been 10,000 homicides per year in &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; since Chávez became president, giving the country the highest per-capita murder rate in the world. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Another nation that certain American opinion leaders have a soft spot for is &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Cuba&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;. In 2003, Fidel Castro’s regime executed three young refugees for hijacking a boat and trying to escape from the island. Castro also sent 75 democratic activists to prison for lending banned books. In response, James Petras, a longtime sociology professor at the State University of New York’s Binghamton University, wrote an article titled “The Responsibility of the Intellectuals: Cuba, the U.S. and Human Rights.” In his essay, which was reprinted by various left-wing publications around the world, he defended &lt;st1:city st="on"&gt;Havana&lt;/st1:City&gt; by arguing that the victims had been in the service of the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; government. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Noted Castro sympathizer Ignacio Ramonet, the editor of Le Monde Diplomatique, a French newspaper that champions every unsavory cause coming out of the Third World, maintains that globalization has made &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt; poorer in recent years. In fact, poverty has been modestly reduced in the past five years. Globalization has given Latin American governments so much revenue from the sale of commodities and from the taxes paid by foreign investors that they have handed out cash subsidies to the poor—hardly a solution to poverty in the long term. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Two decades out of date, Harold Pinter delivered a flabbergasting account of the Nicaraguan Sandinista government in his 2005 Nobel lecture. Perhaps thinking that a vindicatory look at the populists of the past might help the populists of today, he said that the Sandinistas had “set out to establish a stable, decent, pluralistic society,” and that there was “no record of torture” or of “systematic or official military brutality” under Daniel Ortega’s government in the 1980s. One wonders, then, why the Sandinistas were thrown out of power by the people of &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; in the 1990 elections. Or why the voters kept them out of power for nearly two decades—until Ortega became a political transvestite, declaring himself a supporter of the market economy. As for the denial of Sandinista atrocities, Pinter would do well to remember the 1981 massacre of Miskito Indians on &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Nicaragua&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;’s Atlantic coast. Under the guise of a literacy campaign, the Sandinistas, with the help of their Cuban cadres, tried to indoctrinate the Miskitos with Marxist ideology. But the independent-minded Indians refused to accept Sandinista control. Accusing them of supporting opposition groups based in &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Honduras&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;, Ortega’s men killed as many as 50 Miskitos, imprisoned hundreds, and forcibly relocated many more. The Nobel laureate should also remember that his hero Ortega became a capitalist millionaire thanks to the distribution of government assets and confiscated property that the Sandinista leaders split among themselves after losing the 1990 elections. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The current enthusiasm with Latin American populism extends to correspondents for major news outlets. Take, for instance, some stories filed by the Washington Post’s Juan Forero. He is more balanced and informed than the luminaries mentioned above, but, from time to time, he betrays an uncanny enthusiasm for populism of the kind that is sweeping the region. In a recent article on Chávez’s foreign largesse, he and coauthor Peter S. Goodman paint a generally positive picture of the way in which Chávez is helping some countries rid themselves of the strictures imposed by U.S.-backed multilateral agencies by providing them with enough cash to pay off their debts. Supporters of this policy were quoted favorably and no mention was made of the fact that &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;’s oil money belongs to the Venezuelan people, not to foreign governments or entities allied with Chávez, or that those subsidies have political strings attached. Note Argentine President Néstor Kirchner’s attack against the &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; and his praise of Chávez during a recent visit to the Venezuelan city of &lt;st1:city st="on"&gt;Puerto Ordaz&lt;/st1:City&gt;, in return for Chávez’s commitment to back yet another bond issue on &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Argentina&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;’s behalf. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;THE PROBLEM WITH POPULISM &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Foreign observers are missing an essential point: Latin American populism has nothing to do with social justice. It began as a reaction against the oligarchic state of the 19th century in the form of mass movements led by caudillos who blamed rich nations for &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s plight. These movements based their legitimacy on voluntarism, protectionism, and massive wealth redistribution. The result, throughout the 20th century, was bloated government, stifling bureaucracy, the subservience of judicial institutions to political authority, and parasitic economies. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Populists share basic characteristics: the voluntarism of the caudillo as a substitute for the law; the impugning of the oligarchy and its replacement with another type of oligarchy; the denunciation of imperialism (with the enemy always being the United States); the projection of the class struggle between the rich and the poor onto the stage of international relations; the idolatry of the state as a redeeming force for the poor; authoritarianism under the guise of state security; and “clientelismo,” a form of patronage by which government jobs—as opposed to wealth creation—are the conduit of social mobility and the way to maintain a “captive vote” in the elections. The legacy of these policies is clear: Nearly half the population of &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt; is poor, with more than 1 in 5 living on $2 or less per day. And 1 to 2 million migrants flock to the &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; and &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Europe&lt;/st1:place&gt; every year in search of a better life. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Even in Latin America, part of the left is making its transition away from Idiocy—similar to the kind of mental transition that the European left, from &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Spain&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; to &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Scandinavia&lt;/st1:place&gt;, went through a few decades ago when it grudgingly embraced liberal democracy and a market economy. In &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;, one can speak of a “vegetarian left” and a “carnivorous left.” The vegetarian left is represented by leaders such as Brazilian President Luiz Inácio “Lula” da Silva, Uruguayan President Tabaré Vázquez, and Costa Rican President Oscar Arias. Despite the occasional meaty rhetoric, these leaders have avoided the mistakes of the old left, such as raucous confrontations with the developed world and monetary and fiscal profligacy. They have settled into social-democratic conformity and are proving unwilling to engage in major reform—which is why Brazil’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth is not expected to top 3.6 percent this year—but they signify a positive development in the struggle for modernizing the left. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;By contrast, the “carnivorous” left is represented by Fidel Castro, Hugo Chávez, Evo Morales, and &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Ecuador&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;’s President Rafael Correa. They cling to a Marxist view of society and a Cold War mentality that separates North from South, and they seek to exploit ethnic tensions, particularly in the Andean region. The oil windfall obtained by Hugo Chávez is funding a great deal of this effort. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The gastronomy of &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Argentina&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;’s Kirchner is ambiguous; he is situated somewhere between the carnivores and the vegetarians. He has inflated the currency, established price controls, and either nationalized or created government-owned enterprises in major sectors of the economy, but he has avoided revolutionary extremes and paid his country’s debts to the International Monetary Fund, albeit with the help of Venezuelan credit. Kirchner’s ambiguous position has been helpful to Chávez, who has filled the power vacuum in the South American Common Market to project his influence on the region. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Oddly, many European and American “vegetarians” support the “carnivores” in &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;. For instance, Joseph Stiglitz has defended various nationalization programs in Morales’s &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Bolivia&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; and Chávez’s &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;. In an interview with Caracol Radio in &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Colombia&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;, Stiglitz said that nationalizations should not cause alarm because “public firms can be very successful, like the Social Security pension system in the &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;.” Stiglitz has not called for nationalizing major private or publicly traded companies in his own country (the Social Security system was created from scratch), and he seems unaware that, south of the Rio Grande, nationalizations are at the heart of the disastrous populist experiences of the past. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Stiglitz also ignores the fact that in &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin  America&lt;/st1:place&gt;, there is no real separation between the state’s institutions and the administration in charge, so government companies quickly become conduits for political patronage and corruption. &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;’s main telecommunications company has been a success story since it was privatized in the early 1990s; the telecommunications market has experienced an increase of about 25 percent in the past three years alone. By contrast, the government-owned oil giant has seen its output systematically decline. &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; today produces about a million fewer barrels of oil than it did in the early years of this decade. In &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Mexico&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;, where oil is also in government hands, the Cantarell project, representing almost two thirds of national production, will lose half its output in the next couple of years because of undercapitalization. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Does it really matter that the American and European intelligentsia quench their thirst for the exotic by promoting Latin American Idiots? The unequivocal answer is yes. A cultural struggle is under way in Latin America—between those who want to place the region in the global firmament and see it emerge as a major contributor to the Western culture to which its destiny has been attached for five centuries, and those who cannot reconcile themselves to the idea and resist it. Despite some progress in recent years, this tension is holding back Latin America’s development in comparison to other regions of the world—such as East Asia, the Iberian Peninsula, or Central Europe—that not long ago were examples of backwardness. Latin America’s annual GDP growth has averaged 2.8 percent in the past three decades—against &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Southeast Asia&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s 5.5 percent, or the world average of 3.6 percent. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This sluggish performance explains why about 45 percent of the population is still poor and why, after a quarter century of democratic rule, regional surveys betray a profound dissatisfaction with democratic institutions and traditional parties. Until the Latin American Idiot is confined to the archives—something that will be difficult to achieve while so many condescending spirits in the developed world continue to lend him support—that will not change. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Alvaro Vargas Llosa is director of the Center on Global Prosperity at the Independent Institute.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The Return of the Idiot &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Nobel Prizewinners Can Be Idiots, Too &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;If you win a Nobel, you get a free trip to &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Scandinavia&lt;/st1:place&gt;, a shiny gold medal, some cash, and, most important, a shot at intellectual immortality. But becoming a laureate doesn’t make you immune to stupidity, especially when it comes to &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Harold Pinter, Nobel Prize in Literature, 2005 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Ignoble Quote: “The &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; finally brought down the Sandinista government … The casinos moved back into the country. Free health and free education were over. Big business returned with a vengeance.” —Nobel Prize acceptance speech, &lt;st1:city st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Stockholm&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:City&gt;, Dec. 7, 2005 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Reality Check: Harold, hate to break it to you, but it was actually the Nicaraguan voters—not the &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; government—who kicked the Sandinistas out.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Joseph Stiglitz, Nobel Prize in Economics, 2001 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Ignoble Quote: “&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Chile&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; has had impressive success over the past 15 years. . . . [It] imposed capital controls. It only privatized part of its copper mines, and the privatized mines arguably did not perform better than the nationalized ones, though the profits were sent abroad, while the profits of the nationalized mines could be used in the nation’s efforts to develop.”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;—International Herald Tribune, Feb. 14, 2007 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Reality Check: If the policies Stiglitz cites—capital controls, nationalized mines, and government intervention in allocating the profits generated by commodity exports—explain Chile’s success, why isn’t any other Latin American country with the same policies nearly as successful?&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Günter Grass, Nobel Prize in Literature, 1999 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Ignoble Quote: “Cubans were less likely to notice the absence of liberal rights . . . [because they gained] . . . self respect after the revolution.”— Dissent, Fall 1993 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Reality Check: How would you feel, Günter, about trading your bourgeois liberal rights, including the right to publish, for a bit of Cuban dignity?&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Rigoberta Menchú, Nobel Peace Prize, 1992 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Ignoble Quote: “For common people such as myself, there is no difference between testimony, biography, and autobiography . . . I was a survivor . . . who had to convince the world to look at the atrocities committed in my homeland.”— Press conference, United Nations, Feb. 11, 1999 &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Reality Check: Menchú was defending herself against charges that she had fabricated parts of her autobiography—making herself sound more downtrodden than she was—when she wrote about her life as an ethnic Quiche Maya in &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Guatemala&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;. Why lie when there are plenty of harsh-but-true stories to be told? — AVL&lt;span style=""&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The Return of the Idiot &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Want to Know More? &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;In Guide to the Perfect Latin American Idiot (Lanham: Madison Books, 2000), Plinio Apuleyo Mendoza, Carlos Alberto Montaner, and Alvaro Vargas Llosa describe the original misguided populists of &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;Latin America&lt;/st1:place&gt;. Vargas Llosa is also the author of &lt;st1:city st="on"&gt;Liberty&lt;/st1:City&gt; for Latin America: How to Undo Five Hundred Years of State Oppression (&lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:state st="on"&gt;New York&lt;/st1:State&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005). &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The seminal text on how intellectuals in Europe and the &lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; view Latin America is Carlos Rangel’s The Latin Americans: Their Love-Hate Relationship with the &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1977). Economist Javier Santiso argues that pragmatism outweighs ideology in the region today in his book Latin America’s Political Economy of the Possible: Beyond Good Revolutionaries and Free-Marketeers (Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2006). &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;FOREIGN POLICY’s recent coverage of Latin America includes a debate between Ignacio Ramonet and Carlos Alberto Montaner in “Was Fidel Good for &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Cuba&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;?” (January/February 2007) and “Hugo Boss” (January/February 2006), by Javier Corrales, who takes a look at how &lt;st1:place st="on"&gt;&lt;st1:country-region st="on"&gt;Venezuela&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;’s Hugo Chávez amassed power under the guise of democracy. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-8780061815093730949?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/8780061815093730949/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=8780061815093730949' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/8780061815093730949'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/8780061815093730949'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/05/return-of-idiot.html' title='The Return of the Idiot'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-554869576006987461</id><published>2007-05-21T09:38:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2007-05-21T09:38:24.139-07:00</updated><title type='text'>COLOMBIA - Extreme Investing (Business Week)</title><content type='html'>[Colombia se gana hoy la portada de Business Week como destino de inversionistas.]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;MAY 28, 2007&lt;br /&gt;BUSINESS WEEK&lt;br /&gt;COVER STORY&lt;br /&gt;By Roben Farzad&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Extreme Investing: Inside Colombia    &lt;br /&gt;An improbable journey from crime capital to investment hot spot. Can this boom last?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"You going there to get some kilos?" asks the driver as he drops me off at Newark's international airport for my six-hour flight to Bogotá. He grins at me in the rear-view mirror as if he has cracked the most original one-liner in history. "Like Scarface," he continues, shifting to his Pakistani/Latino gangster accent: "Say hello to my little friend! Pow! Pow!" He hands me my bags and reminds me to call my mom and make peace with the Almighty before I embark for certain death. "You are crazy, my friend."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Traveling to Colombia to chronicle the investment miracle unfolding there seemed perfectly reasonable a few weeks earlier. The stats all scream "Go! Go! Go!": Colombia's stock market has soared fourteenfold since October, 2001. Foreign direct investment and capital inflows have more than doubled, while real estate prices have tripled in many areas. Citigroup (C ) CEO Chuck Prince even kicked off his February "world tour" in Bogotá, where the bank is building branches and a Latin American call center. But when most Americans hear the name Colombia they think about the late Medellín drug lord, Pablo Escobar. And roving paramilitary death squads. And speedboat-loads of cocaine headed for Miami.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I've been assured by bankers that things are getting much better in this nation of 42 million. But it isn't until I step onto the packed 737 to Bogotá that I get my first real sense of the intense interest in Colombian investments. I spy at least 20 business suits, including the laptop-toting Swede sitting next to me who's building a boutique hotel in the beautiful 16th century city of Cartagena on the north coast.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Investors like these have visited many exotic ports in recent years. Colombia's surprising rise has been fueled by two larger trends: the enormous amount of money sluicing through global markets and investors' increasing risk tolerance. First, cash poured into the so-called BRIC countries—Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Next it flooded riskier secondary destinations such as Turkey and Poland, and last year, with ferocity, Vietnam. Now money is gushing into third-tier hinterlands fraught with political and economic problems, where even the rule of law isn't a given.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;THE CONFIANZA INDEX&lt;br /&gt;Call them extreme emerging markets. The Standard &amp; Poor's/IFCG Frontier Index of 22 such destinations, which includes investing curiosities like Lebanon, Côte d'Ivoire, and Bangladesh, has gained nearly 400% in the past five years. The question is whether these nascent markets have what it takes to parlay the fickle enthusiasm of hedge-fund traders and other investors into long-term economic development.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Yet Colombia is so extreme that it hasn't even made the Frontier Index. Its stock market has an aggregate capitalization of just $59 billion. In this parallel investing universe, price-earnings ratios take a backseat to fuzzy measures such as confianza, which translates into confidence and trust but is more accurately described as the general sense that people can safely transact business and get through everyday life unharmed. The handful of Wall Street analysts who cover Colombia supply their clients with charts of murder rates and kidnappings.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;President Alvaro Uribe, who took office in 2002, nearly five decades into a civil war that has pitted Marxist guerrillas against right-wing death squads, has made confianza his overarching goal. Killings and abductions are down sharply in the big cities, and that has been a boon for all manner of investments, from stocks to real estate. "I guarantee that if you graph the decline in kidnappings to investment gains, the correlation would be one-to-one," says Ben M. Laidler, head of Andean research for UBS Pactual.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On a continent whose economic history is the stuff of a blooper reel, Colombia's strong fundamentals stand out. Its $130 billion economy, a world leader in the production of coffee, petroleum, textiles, and flowers, is growing at 6.8% a year, two full points faster than the Latin American average. In the past 10 years, Colombia has slashed its inflation rate from 18% to 5%, and since Uribe was elected, unemployment has dipped from 16% to 13%. The nation has never defaulted on its debt or experienced hyperinflation. And entrepreneurial thinking is spreading. Run a Google (GOOG ) geographical-hit query, and you'll see that, per capita, nowhere in the world are there more searches for the words "Peter Drucker," the late management guru, than in Bogotá. No. 2? Medellín.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Yes, Medellín. Once the murder capital of the world, this city of 2.4 million is regaining its status as a commercial hub, hosting regional offices for a growing roster of multinationals including Philip Morris (MO ), Toyota (TM ), and Renault, as well as globally minded Colombian companies that make up 70% of the country's stock market value. More high-rises are under construction here than in Manhattan and Los Angeles combined.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But all of it—the stock market gains, the development, the rising living standards—rests on confianza. Foreigners' view of Colombia as a lawless, violent, riven land won't change quickly. As Commerce Minister Luis Guillermo Plata acknowledges, "Why would I invest in a country if I can't go there?"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As I get into the cramped cab that's taking me to my hotel, I can't help thinking about the fabled "millionaire's tour of Bogotá," a stretch of road where colluding cabbies and thieves once drove passengers from ATM to ATM to drain their bank accounts. And then there's the drugs. Colombia still produces the majority of the world's cocaine, an ongoing crisis that draws a steady supply of U.S. military and financial aid. Even corporate crime here takes on deadly overtones: Cincinnati-based banana giant Chiquita Brands International (CQB ) was in the news recently for admitting to having paid $1.7 million in protection money to a Colombian paramilitary group on Washington's list of foreign terrorist organizations.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I'm here to find out whether Colombia's fledgling stock market can keep surging, whether its financial and physical infrastructures can accommodate the flood of investment, and whether an equity culture can take hold.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At the center of everything is President Uribe. "We need to rescue international confidence in our country," he tells me in his heavily guarded compound in Bogotá's historic center full of Spanish colonial architecture. Access to Uribe is preceded by an hour of security checks and chilling looks from guards holding bayonet-tipped machine guns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 54-year-old Uribe is a rarity in increasingly leftist Latin America. A center-right ruler with an approval rating of more than 60%, he won a landslide second term in 2006 after having amended the constitution to allow him to run again. Uribe knows Colombia's history of violence firsthand: A decade ago he was governor of Medellín's province, and in 1983 his father was murdered by kidnappers. The sometimes dour leader has driven most of the drug traffickers and leftist guerrillas out of urban centers, though they still reign in remote regions.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But allegations have surfaced in Colombia that the President himself has links to right-wing paramilitaries who murdered hundreds, including labor-union activists. On May 14, 20 Colombian lawmakers and businessmen were arrested on charges in connection with the scandal. Colombia's police chief and head of police intelligence, meanwhile, were ousted amid allegations of illegal wiretapping of opposition politicians and journalists. Uribe vehemently denies any personal connection to the affair. (See Alvaro Uribe: The Change Agent).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Despite his obsession with law and order, the economy is never far from his mind. "The state is the most important private enterprise," he says, "and the public is like a universe of shareholders." Javier Vargas, a Colombian banker with Credit Suisse (CS ), has heard Uribe sound that theme many times. "He talks like a person who is selling and marketing his country," he says. "Investor confidence is key for him." In May, Uribe visited Washington to meet with supporters in the Bush Administration and lobby congressional Democrats on a free-trade pact between the two countries. Democrats have been uneasy with Uribe since the recent allegations surfaced. But Colombia is a vital strategic ally in an increasingly hostile continent, bordered by Hugo Chávez' Venezuela and left-leaning Ecuador. Washington has sent Colombia $5 billion in aid since 2000, including $650 million last year; only Iraq, Egypt, Afghanistan, and Israel receive more.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For Uribe, a deal is crucial both for the tangible economic benefits and the perceptual ones. He has invested much political capital already, visiting the U.S. at least 25 times since taking office. Winning full free-trade benefits with the U.S. would do much to bolster the fragile investor confidence he has been nurturing, while a loss would damage his prestige. Uribe's challenge is one that everyone, from business leaders to taxi drivers, acknowledges. "Investing here is rooted in improving physical safety and lowering the risk of doing business," says Alexander P. Kazan, a Latin American strategist at Bear Stearns &amp; Co. (BSC ) "You really cannot overstate the importance."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SLEEPY EXCHANGE&lt;br /&gt;On a cool April morning, I make my way to Bogotá's bustling financial district. Amid the roar of motorcycle engines and a haze of bus exhaust, the district brims with young professionals sipping tintos—tiny cups of dark coffee—while chatting on newfangled cell phones. At every crosswalk and on street medians, the less fortunate hawk snacks, cigarettes, and telephone calling cards from salvaged baby carriages, stark reminders of the gaping disparities in this poor nation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Halfway up a glassy office building is an ultramodern floor containing Colombia's stock exchange, the Bolsa de Valores. It's high-tech, but no one would confuse it with the NASDAQ. Just 12 people sit around a circular table staring at their flat-panel displays in a space no bigger than a conference room at a Best Western hotel. It's so quiet you might think you showed up to take the GMAT. I jokingly ask if we're at the right place. Our photographer wonders aloud if he should bother unpacking his equipment.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"This is it," says Jaime Sarmiento, the exchange's 34-year-old communications director, sensing the anticlimax of the moment. He points up at the ticker, a circular LCD sign. "Does anyone know how to turn this thing on?" The specialists on the floor arrange a photo op, choosing a mustachioed elder to sit on the elevated chair in the center of the ring and motion as if he is directing order flow. Truth be told, everyone is just waiting for 1 p.m., when the market closes and the power lunch scene takes hold. When I ask if the early close is a vestige of the Spanish siesta, I'm curtly told that it's purely a result of how little business there is to transact. Sarmiento takes us downstairs to tour the café, a swank lounge that was conceived as a high-energy, high-buzz meeting place for stock junkies. On this day, two or three guys sit around reading the paper, blissfully unaware of the handful of digits flickering on the wall-mounted display above.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Such sleepiness belies the market's breathtaking volatility. This is the central paradox of extreme emerging markets: With so few buyers and sellers, small upticks can quickly turn into major surges, while the faintest of downticks can lead to painful routs. After posting a 128% gain for 2005, second best in the world, the Bolsa nosedived 45% in two months during last year's late-spring emerging-markets swoon, the second-worst showing on the globe. It has since jumped 75%; on June 15, 2006, alone, the index gained 16%. It's down 5% in 2007.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All the choppiness merely confirms the suspicions of most of the locals, who eschew stocks for government bonds, even though they yield just 6% now, a third of what they did eight years ago. "The general public just isn't all that accustomed to stocks," says Rodrigo Jaramillo, CEO of Interbolsa, the country's largest brokerage, and former chairman of the stock exchange. He notes that fewer than 70,000 Colombians bought local shares in 2006.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Even people who invest for a living are reluctant to buy Colombian stocks with their own money. "I like to invest in young cows," admits a 26-year-old private investment adviser in a British-spread collar and Hermès tie between bites of an empanada in a breakfast joint near the exchange. His eyes light up as he explains that his uncle has given him dibs on investing in heifers, an inside opportunity that has lately scored him 20% to 30% annual returns. Why dabble in risky stocks, he asks, when he can collect steady returns on the family ranch? "I sponsor the cows until—how do you say?—graduation," he says, grinning diabolically, of the day when they're auctioned off and he reaps his windfall.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But in fits and starts local investors are coming around. I'm struck by how many twenty- and thirtysomethings in Bogotá are at the leading edge of business and civic life: chief executives, money managers, restaurateurs, even cabinet ministers. Young and educated, Colombia's new elite could ply their trade anywhere in the hemisphere. A decade ago there would have been no question that they would end up abroad. Just four years ago, Bogotá's Club El Nogal, a hot night spot, was car-bombed by a leftist rebel group, resulting in 36 deaths. But El Nogal has come back stronger than ever. Even with all the bomb-sniffing dogs, the place is nearly impossible to get into on a weeknight. Bogotáns consider it a metaphor of their resilience.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I meet some young professionals for dinner at Balzac, a restaurant modeled after Manhattan's trendy Balthazar. José María de Valenzuela, a recently minted MBA at INSEAD in France, lights a cigarette and reflects on his accomplishments. "There was just a small possibility I'd end up back here," he says. All of 32, Valenzuela, who did his undergraduate work at Brown University a decade ago, used to specialize in what you might call distressed investing. "People were afraid to leave the city," he recalls of the siege mentality of seven or eight years back, when terrified families sought escapism at his miniature golf course in Bogotá. "You could buy real estate just for the cost of the taxes." Which is what Valenzuela did, before selling into a property boom and plowing his winnings into what he and a former finance professor correctly thought would be the start of a roaring bull market for stocks. Last summer, Valenzuela rolled those profits into a partnership with HenCorp Futures, a U.S.-based trading firm, to offer currency strategies to foreign investors—a critical building block to outside participation in the Colombian market. The only way to buy Bolsa-listed stocks directly is in pesos, and there are no pure-play Colombian mutual funds available to foreigners.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The next afternoon, on Valenzuela's recommendation, I head to Harry's Bar, in a tony Bogotá neighborhood that resembles San Francisco's Russian Hill. Amid the din of clinking wine glasses, blond-streaked women and sharply dressed men pick at plates of seared tuna and Argentinian steak. In the evenings the place is often overrun by actors, soccer stars, and diplomats. The owner, spotting my reporter's notebook, stops by. "Please tell America we're not a bunch of drug dealers shooting at each other from trees," he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;COFFEE BUZZ&lt;br /&gt;In walks my lunch guest, Felipe Gaviria, the boyish money manager whose name is on the lips of everyone in the smart-money set. In 1997, at 23, Gaviria was promoted to head of currency trading at a small bank in Cali. Two years later he left for business school in Barcelona. He returned to Colombia when Uribe was elected in 2002, sensing the moment was right to buy Colombian property and bet that the peso would strengthen against the dollar. Now he oversees $3 billion in pension assets for Spain's Grupo Santander. It's common knowledge that Gaviria is being wooed by bulge-bracket investment banks and hedge funds. "I receive everybody," he says coyly.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;With more money pouring in as the economy grows, Gaviria says he's impatient for more local investment options. Fortunately for him, some big ones are just around the corner. In an audacious move, Procafecol, of the fast-growing Juan Valdez coffee shop fame, is floating its shares on the Bolsa. The unlikely beneficiaries: thousands of rural caficultores, or coffee growers, who make up Colombia's national coffee alliance. They've recently been swarmed by an army of financial advisers dispatched to the countryside. "Your preferred shares give you dividend priority over ordinary investors," reads the glossy offering letter, as if to poke fun at the more cosmopolitan Class B shareholders.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The real game changer could be the $4 billion initial public offering of state oil concern Ecopetrol, one of South America's four largest. In short order, it could become the most widely held stock on the exchange. And with U.S. bankers circling, a New York Stock Exchange (NYX ) listing could be in the offing. The only other Colombian stock listed in the U.S. is Medellín-based Bancolombia (CIB ), whose shares have jumped twentyfold in the past five years.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Indeed, Wall Street is doing its best to ride the Colombia wave. In 2005, SABMiller (SAB.L ) PLC took over Colombia's biggest brewery, Bavaria, for a record $7.8 billion, with Merrill Lynch (MER ), JPMorgan Chase (JPM ), Lehman Brothers (LEH ), Morgan Stanley (MS ), and Citigroup (C ) advising on the acquisition. Last year ABN Amro advised on the sale of a controlling $657 million stake in a key oil refinery to Switzerland's Glencore International. "You're having more and more investment banks going into Colombia," says Eric Newman, a Bogotá native who was recently poached from Lehman Brothers by Morgan Stanley to cover the country for its Miami-based Latin American private banking arm. He shuttles to Colombia 20 times a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Not only are Colombia's top companies doing better at home, they're also branching out to the rest of Latin America and beyond. A company called Chocolates, essentially Colombia's Kraft Foods (KFT ), now ships to Los Angeles and the Southwest, while Argos, the country's foremost cement producer, has been buying operations in Arkansas, Georgia, North Carolina, and Texas. Bancolombia recently acquired El Salvador's largest bank.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One sign of the rising fortunes in Colombia is the sudden misfortune of the self-proclaimed Bulletproof Tailor. Miguel Caballero makes suits and other apparel tough enough to withstand gunshots. His garment factory, located in a seedy neighborhood of Bogotá, features a picture gallery of famous customers, including action film star Steven Seagal and President Uribe, as well as glossies of Caballero discharging his handgun into the bulletproofed torsos of employees. Ten years ago, he says, his company sold 70% of its wares in Colombia. Now, thanks to the ebbing violence, that figure is just 20%. Caballero is dispatching salesmen to Russia, Venezuela, even Iraq. "The idea is to save the business," he says. "You can say we're globalizing."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The growing confidence in Colombia brings a new set of challenges. The streets are safer, and citizens are road tripping again. Export-import activity is steadily growing. Tourism has nearly tripled in five years, and beach-lined, historic Cartagena is among South America's most expensive real estate markets. But with all of that happening, Colombia's highways, roads, ports, and other industrial backbones are becoming increasingly overburdened. "We're really behind on infrastructure," says Juliana Ocampo, a recent MBA from Massachusetts Institute of Technology who returned to Bogotá to work for Mexican cement giant Cemex. "If you ask everyone here, that's where the investment needs to flow next." Says Gaviria, the young money manager: "Our north port is terrible. If we had a world-class port project, I would invest right then and there." Bear Stearns warned in a recent report that growth could halt if tens of billions worth of infrastructure isn't soon built, noting that Colombian pension funds are clamoring to invest. If the buildout stalls, it will undermine Uribe's reforms.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;STOCK OPTION&lt;br /&gt;I take up the issue with Vice-President Francisco Santos. Schooled in Texas and Kansas and formerly the editor of Colombia's largest daily newspaper, Santos was once kidnapped by Pablo Escobar's men and surely draws satisfaction from the fact that the cartel's late-'80s vehicles sit rusting in a pound adjacent to his office. "The roads are getting so clogged," he concedes. "But who will pay for all the infrastructure?"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Financiers argue that the money is there for the taking, if only the government would change its thinking. Historically, Bogotá has issued bonds to fund such projects, but investors were hungrier for them when they yielded 20%. It also takes time to rouse all the layers of bureaucracy in the way. Bankers want the government to sell equity in the projects instead, following the privatization trend sweeping Europe and the U.S. "We can build roads without a penny of government money," insists Pedro Nel Ospina, the head of Corficolombiana, one of the country's top investment and merchant banks. "Let us do it already. Give us equity."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The government isn't ready to make that leap just yet. But the fact that a vigorous debate about how best to become an ownership society is heating up—complete with business page editorials and regional free-trade zones—shows how far this rugged stretch of the Andes Mountains has come.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Medellín, in particular, is undergoing one of the most extraordinary urban makeovers in modern times. "Our trucks, drivers, and distributors were attacked at least once a day," recalls Carlos Enrique Piedrahita, president of Chocolates, of the scene seven years ago. "Now it just doesn't happen."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 45-minute ride to town from Medellín's main airport winds through lush forests and fragrant flower farms. The city is shaped like a bowl, with commerce and wealth concentrated at the center as poverty stares down from the rim. It all descended into chaos with the decline of Medellín's textile industry in the 1970s and the simultaneous rise of the drug trade. In 1991, two years before Escobar met his end in a rooftop gunfight with police, he was recruiting cocaine-addicted teens in the hillside slums, paying them $750 for every police officer they murdered. Gang shootouts continued into emergency rooms. "One can have the impression that Medellín is about to drown in its own blood," The New Yorker magazine's Alma Guillermoprieto wrote in 1991, when the city's homicide rate was 381 per 100,000, the highest in the world.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But exploding revenue from Medellín's resurgent corporate tax base is funding a rapid metamorphosis. Now those very same shanties are connected to the city center by a sky-lift gondola of the sort you might find at EPCOT Center. New libraries and schools court students from other parts of Colombia. "Imagination Park" stands where murdered bodies were once dumped. The business assistance office in the heart of the slum is helping tiny food stores and Internet cafés flourish where there used to be only crumbling cinder block and exposed sewer pipes. Today, Medellín's murder rate is 28 per 100,000, lower than those of Baltimore and Washington, D.C.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Statistics alone don't capture the sense of rebirth here. Atop the slum, in the shadow of ascending gondolas and a new computer lab, the city's poorest children think they're kings of the hill. They chase after me, tugging at my jacket, 30 or 40 at once. It's not my money that they want, it's pictures of themselves and their friends. As I sit down to catch my breath, a runty seven-year-old boy with a precocious understanding of digital photography suddenly climbs out from under the bench. "I don't have e-mail yet," he says. "So print it for me for when you come back, O.K.?"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;With Cristina Lindblad in New York&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Source: http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_22/b4036001.htm?chan=top+news_top+news+index_best+of+bw&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-554869576006987461?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/554869576006987461/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=554869576006987461' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/554869576006987461'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/554869576006987461'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/05/colombia-extreme-investing-business.html' title='COLOMBIA - Extreme Investing (Business Week)'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-1373106070903818720</id><published>2007-05-13T16:11:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2007-05-13T16:12:30.649-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Ecuador: La constitución del desastre</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir="ltr" align="left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;Los ecuatorianos van a redactar  una nueva Constitución. Hay cierta oposición, pero sin mucha fuerza y todos  acabarán pasando por el aro. Los convoca ansiosamente a la tarea el flamante  presidente Rafael Correa, quien tiene a su favor a la opinión pública. ¿Qué  esperan de este cambio? Sin duda, un brusco giro a la izquierda, hacia el  socialismo, objetivo que comparten ocho de cada diez personas en ese país. ¿Cuál  socialismo? Según leo en un buen artículo del politólogo Jaime Durán,  especialista en medir la conducta y las creencias de las sociedades, el 80% de  los que lo apoyan dice no saber lo que es el socialismo (por eso lo apoyan). De  ese universo, un 10% está convencido de que ser socialista es ser una buena  persona que, por ejemplo, "ayuda a los ancianos a cruzar la calle".&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div dir="ltr" align="left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;Los ecuatorianos, además,  esperan grandes prodigios de la constituyente, como los niños esperan conejos de  los sombreros de los magos. El 20% supone que arreglará el problema del  desempleo, el 18% que mejorará la seguridad pública y un 9% está convencido de  que aumentará la calidad de la atención médica. Sólo un 4% entiende que la  constituyente es sólo una especie de enorme comité que se reúne con el objeto de  redactar una nueva constitución. Para la mayoría de los ecuatorianos una  constitución no es un conjunto de principios y reglas sino un recetario  maravilloso que traerá la prosperidad colectiva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div dir="ltr" align="left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;Hay una persona, en cambio, que  espera sacar algo más de esta tumultuosa ceremonia: Rafael Correa. Correa quiere  más poder y probablemente lo demande por más tiempo. Tal vez alguien plantee la  reelección prolongada o indefinida. ¿Por qué no, si eso es lo que decide el  pueblo soberano? Correa lo que desea es tener más controles en sus manos para  cambiar la realidad política y económica del país de acuerdo con sus ideas.  ¿Cuáles son esas ideas? A juzgar por sus discursos y declaraciones, se trata de  otra expresión de la vasta e inquieta familia neopopulista, emparentada con  Chávez, Evo Morales, Daniel Ortega y Castro, a lo que en su caso se agrega un  peculiar matiz católico conservador.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div dir="ltr" align="left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;Correa, en suma, es alguien que  desconfía del mercado, de la empresa privada y de la democracia representativa.  Un político convencido de que el Estado debe jugar un papel rector en el  desarrollo económico y debe planificar, dirigir y asignar tareas sin tener que  soportar la adversa crítica de la prensa, dado que ésta vive en contubernio con  el gran capital. También es un líder que no acepta las virtudes de la  arquitectura republicana. Esa estructura de poderes independientes que se  contrapesan y limitan la autoridad de los gobernantes se le antoja como algo  negativo. Quiere una fórmula de gobierno rápida y sin obstáculos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div dir="ltr" align="left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;La logrará. Es probable que  Correa imponga sus creencias al nuevo texto constitucional. ¿Qué va a pasar a  partir de ese momento? Sin duda, una cautelosa y creciente parálisis económica.  ¿Quién va a invertir hasta que no estén claras las nuevas reglas del juego?  Algunos capitales, sigilosamente, buscarán amparo en Panamá, Miami o Suiza,  donde corran menos riesgos. Se incrementarán el desempleo y la emigración. Ya  todo eso está ocurriendo. La recaudación del Estado, lógicamente, disminuirá, de  manera que Correa deberá endeudarse en el exterior si quiere aumentar el role  del gobierno, pero le será muy difícil lograrlo, fuera de los casi exhaustos  bolsillos de Hugo Chávez, porque simultáneamente se niega a pagar la deuda  internacional.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div dir="ltr" align="left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;Y¿cómo va a terminar esta  aventura? Sin duda, mal. Como terminó el primer peronismo, como terminó el  brasilero Getulio Vargas, como terminó el peruano Velasco Alvarado, como terminó  el primer Daniel Ortega (y como terminará Chávez). Es de ese polvoriento  disparate socialista de lo que han escapado todas las naciones desarrolladas y  libres del planeta tras experimentar fallidamente con las ideas  intervencionistas durante todo el siglo XX. Ecuador no será una excepción a ese  previsible destino. Lo terrible es que los ecuatorianos perderán inútilmente una  generación viajando hacia el pasado. Pero nadie escarmienta en cabeza ajena. A  veces, ni siquiera en la propia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carlos Alberto Montaner es periodista cubano  residenciado en Madrid.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:85%;"&gt;Published on elcato.org (&lt;a title="blocked::http://www.elcato.org/" href="http://www.elcato.org/"&gt;http://www.elcato.org&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-1373106070903818720?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/1373106070903818720/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=1373106070903818720' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/1373106070903818720'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/1373106070903818720'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/05/ecuador-la-constitucin-del-desastre.html' title='Ecuador: La constitución del desastre'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-6715353989598494276</id><published>2007-04-02T16:45:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2007-04-02T16:46:34.443-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Articulo sobre Colombia</title><content type='html'>[Muy interesante]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The perils of “parapolitics” - Colombia&lt;br /&gt;24 March 2007 / The Economist&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Colombia's embattled president&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After four years in which he transformed his country, Álvaro Uribe is running into problems. Some of them are symptoms of success&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ON THE outskirts of María la Baja, a nondescript town on Colombia's swelteringly hot Caribbean coast, the road is lined with palm-thatched mud huts. They are the new homes of some 7,000 people displaced by violence from their small farms in the nearby hills. They say that their problems began when the guerrillas of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) appeared in the hills in 2000, stealing their cattle. Matters deteriorated further when right-wing paramilitaries began to kill people whom they thought were guerrillas and forced others to sell or yield their land at gunpoint.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But in the past couple of years “things have improved a lot,” says Carlos Ortiz, one of their leaders. The reason: on July 14th 2005, the local paramilitary group handed over its weapons and disbanded under a peace agreement with the government of President Álvaro Uribe in which some 30,000 of the militiamen have demobilised across the country. As part of Mr Uribe's security build-up, marines have set up a base on the edge of the town, while police patrol the main road north to the port of Cartagena.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“We go back to our farms by day now,” says Julio César Azeredo, another of the displaced. But, he adds, “it's not safe to stay at night.” If this corner of northern Colombia is no longer marked by the bloody massacres of a few years ago, its new-found peace is fragile. “The people have lost confidence in everyone, they don't trust any authority,” says Giuseppe Svafrena, an Italian Catholic priest who is helping them.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fragile it may be, but the improvement in security in places like María la Baja is real enough. On the strength of it, Mr Uribe secured a second four-year term with a landslide 62% of the vote in an election last May. But his second term is proving to be more complicated than his first.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mr Uribe faces two immediate problems. One involves the future of the former paramilitaries, and the risk that many return to violent crime. The other involves their past: the government has been rocked by a series of revelations of links between politicians, officials and the paramilitaries. Those revelations (dubbed “parapolitics”) risk doing serious damage to Mr Uribe's standing abroad, and especially in the United States. But for most Colombians the more pressing issue is consolidating the gains in security. In opinion polls some 70% of respondents continue to support Mr Uribe, despite the parapolitics scandal. To understand why requires some recent history.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;During the 1980s and 1990s, the left-wing guerrillas of the FARC and its smaller rival, the ELN, grew steadily, reaching a peak of almost 20,000 troops. Their expansion owed much to money from drugs, kidnapping and extortion. They were also helped by Colombia's impossible geography and relatively weak state. The flip side of a long democratic tradition has been that Colombia's politicians never allowed the army to become strong.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In response, some army commanders and landowners formed paramilitary militias (known as “self-defence” groups) to fight the guerrillas. Yet some of these were quickly taken over by drug-traffickers and many imposed a reign of terror equal to or worse than that of the guerrillas. Colombia began to look like a failed state. That prompted Andrés Pastrana, Mr Uribe's predecessor, to start to strengthen the security forces and to seek American aid.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mr Uribe was elected on a pledge to get tough after the FARC had shown no interest in peace in three years of talks with Mr Pastrana. He has expanded the security forces by a third, adding 60,000 troops and 30,000 extra police. He placed permanent police detachments in 150 municipalities (out of a total of 1,080) that lacked them. He created a new force of 20,000 part-time “popular soldiers” for local guard duties. Six new mountain battalions occupied the high Andean massifs which had served as corridors and refuges for the FARC. He turned the army into an offensive force, with nine new mobile brigades.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All this changed the course of the war. The FARC were driven from central Colombia, from the populated triangle marked by its three main cities, Bogotá, Medellín and Cali. For the first time in years, Colombians can drive between most of the country's cities without risk of kidnap or hold-up. Partly as a result, the economy has rebounded as businesses from oil companies to manufacturers ramp up investment (see chart). “My administration began the process of taking back the country,” Mr Uribe says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This security build-up and Mr Uribe's reputation as an implacable foe of the guerrillas enabled his government to persuade the paramilitaries, grouped in the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), to disarm. They did so under a controversial Justice and Peace Law. This stipulates that those accused of massacres or other barbarous acts can benefit from a reduced sentence (of no more than eight years) if they confess and surrender illegally obtained assets. The biggest incentive is that the government will not extradite them to face drugs charges in the United States as long as they co-operate.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This peace process has been highly controversial. One set of criticisms concerns its terms and another its implementation. Many human-rights groups, the paramilitaries' victims and much of the opposition considered the law too lenient and its application too lax. So did the Constitutional Court, which stiffened the law.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Only last August were the top leaders jailed pending court hearings. Rafael Pardo, a Liberal senator who broke with the president over the law, says that he thinks the paramilitaries have demobilised their counter-insurgency apparatus and moved out of drugs to avoid extradition but are moving, unchecked, into other crime rackets.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Double standards&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mr Uribe's defenders argue that Colombia is doing something which no other country has managed. “It's a peace process with an undefeated military group in which justice is being applied with no amnesty,” says Eduardo Pizarro, who heads the government's reconciliation commission. Mr Uribe accuses his critics of double standards, since they never complained about (and some benefited from) past peace talks with guerrillas in which total amnesties were offered.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But the process is certainly a messy one. The attorney-general's office—a branch of the judiciary rather than the executive in Colombia—has been swamped. A special unit of 35 attorneys has been set up, but it needs more staff and resources. Some 25,000 people have registered as victims of the paramilitaries. Mario Iguarán, the attorney-general, says that charges may eventually be brought against up to 400 of the leaders; he hopes to begin cases against 57 jailed chiefs this year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The government's scheme to integrate the former paramilitaries into civilian life has been flawed. They receive a monthly stipend of up to 358,000 pesos ($162), but two-thirds of them have yet to receive promised training and only two-fifths have jobs. The government did the demobilisations “with a system which was only just being created and the system collapsed,” says Frank Pearl, whom Mr Uribe recruited from the private sector last year to sort out the programme.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The big fear is that many will return to violence. The best estimates are that between 2,500 and 3,600 have joined “second-generation” paramilitary groups. But officials say that some of these are drug-trafficking outfits or purely criminal bands.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For all its flaws, Colombia's peace process has quickly acquired a momentum of its own. One of the strongest signs of that is the parapolitics scandal. This began when police arrested a paramilitary leader who had failed to rendezvous in a designated area, confiscating his computer. This contained a treasure trove of information concerning the political contacts of the paramilitaries, who once boasted that they controlled a third of Colombia's Congress.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The revelations are an embarrassment to Mr Uribe. The ten politicians (nine legislators and a provincial governor) so far arrested, all from the north coast, belong to parties that support him. But most of the allegations against them date from 2002, when they backed the official Liberal candidate against Mr Uribe, who ran as an independent. More damaging is the arrest of Jorge Noguera, whom the president named to head the intelligence service.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mr Uribe's critics have seized on all this to argue that the president is in cahoots with the paramilitaries. But there is no evidence. The president counters that he has supported judicial investigations and full confessions by the paramilitaries. “The country needs to know in depth the tragedy...to realise what is the future we need: a country of institutions, without guerrillas, paramilitaries, drug-traffickers and corruption,” he said in an interview with The Economist. If Mr Noguera is found guilty, Mr Uribe promises to apologise.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That the parapolitics investigations have got so far is in part a result of greater security. “Witnesses are coming forward because they do not have to fear,” says Mr Iguarán. “Who would have dared before to go to the district attorney or the judge and declare that the chief of the AUC was in league with the government, the mayor or a congressman? It's an unanticipated consequence of the Justice and Peace Law.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It also shows how widespread penetration of politics and government by the paramilitaries was. Officials are quietly attempting a similar clean-up of the armed forces. A decorated colonel was charged before the civilian courts last year after subordinates said that he passed off murdered civilians as dead guerrillas. The defence minister, Juan Manuel Santos, is easing out other officers and working on reforms of military training. He says that control of territory, rather than bodycount, will henceforth be the army's performance criterion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Colombia is only at the beginning of a long and difficult road to peace. Cleaning up the army is a necessary condition for vanquishing the paramilitaries completely, argues Alejandro Reyes, a sociologist at Bogotá's Rosario university. “Otherwise the civilian population won't collaborate with the security forces.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Such collaboration is vital. The FARC are diminished but unbeaten. They think history is going their way: Hugo Chávez in Venezuela has expressed sympathy for them in the past; so has Rafael Correa, Ecuador's new president. It will take more fighting to persuade them to negotiate, let alone submit to the Justice and Peace Law.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And parapolitics risks weakening Mr Uribe's grip on Congress. A tax reform that would have raised government revenues has been watered down. The government did manage to renew a wealth tax which should provide $4 billion over the next four years. That money will go into more helicopters, and surveillance gear to try to track down the FARC leadership.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The other task is to achieve lasting security in places like María la Baja. There Pedro Vásquez, a former policeman who spent seven years as a paramilitary leader, says that townspeople still come to him to complain of crimes and extortion “because they don't trust the police”. Some of his former troops want to return to action, something he doesn't want to do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Carlos Gaviria of the centre-left Democratic Pole, Mr Uribe's defeated opponent in last year's election, says more is needed than just the presence of the army. The state should be present, too, with “schools, hospitals and job-creation”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Colombia's peace process has hitherto relied on the driving will of the president, a workaholic whose face is grey with permanent fatigue. Lacking are teamwork and institutions. Luis Alfonso Hoyos, who heads the president's social-development agency, points proudly to a situation- room next to his office where representatives from 13 ministries co-ordinate policy and action. But that is in Bogotá, a long way from places like María la Baja.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-6715353989598494276?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/6715353989598494276/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=6715353989598494276' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/6715353989598494276'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/6715353989598494276'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/04/articulo-sobre-colombia.html' title='Articulo sobre Colombia'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-1824760851599867289</id><published>2007-03-01T14:07:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-03-01T14:32:46.833-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Feliz Cumpleaños Santa Oria</title><content type='html'>Un año màs y parece que fuese ayer cuando nos conocimos. Ya son 11 años desde esa primera cita en casa de Rich que nos dio la fuerza y el ambiente para crear tan duradera amistad. Que berraquera!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como comentaba Rich en su email, estos dos años han sido de las sorpresas y las alegrias. Comenzando con el matrimonio de Allan y Giovanna, luego Rich y Karem en Oxford, por ahi se me escapa cuando exactamente entra Ivancho a Microsoft pero yo creo que fue en Mayo el año pasado... luego este año seguimos la racha con la llegada de Ana Maria al mundo (la primera Oreada de Segunda Generacion), luego el matrimonio de Cami y Mary.. luego nuestra celebracion en Cartagena.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Que nos deparará el destino. Será que nos encontraremos en el futuro en algun lugare remoto? Por ahi sugerían que uno de los lugares mas prometedores del mundo es Australia. No solamente el clima sino la facilidad con lo que te dan los papeles para trabajar si estas calificado. Solamente 3 años con residencia y te dan ciudadania y pasaporte australiano.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En fin... Yo como siempre divagando un poco. Quien sabe donde estan las oportunidades. Por el momento sigamos con paso fuerte que estamos sacándole jugo a la vida...&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-1824760851599867289?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/1824760851599867289/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=1824760851599867289' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/1824760851599867289'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/1824760851599867289'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/03/feliz-cumpleaos-santa-oria.html' title='Feliz Cumpleaños Santa Oria'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-5486974865369030448</id><published>2007-02-26T14:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-03-01T14:39:31.616-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Celebraciones en Cartagena</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_PEJFyBzH4eE/RedWHEKrtpI/AAAAAAAAAAM/u1RXk_Q2Ia4/s1600-h/Site.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_PEJFyBzH4eE/RedWHEKrtpI/AAAAAAAAAAM/u1RXk_Q2Ia4/s320/Site.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5037089387614811794" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hoy fue el lanzamiento de la página de nuestra boda. Arduas horas de trabajo para poner algo relativamente sencillo pero útil. Ya se imaginaran cuantas aprobaciones tuve que pedir para poder publicar las fotos respectivas... Jajaja. En fin!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aqui les mando el link... www.vickmar.com&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-5486974865369030448?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/5486974865369030448/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=5486974865369030448' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/5486974865369030448'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/5486974865369030448'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/02/celebraciones-en-cartagena.html' title='Celebraciones en Cartagena'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_PEJFyBzH4eE/RedWHEKrtpI/AAAAAAAAAAM/u1RXk_Q2Ia4/s72-c/Site.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-2434558254034982713</id><published>2007-02-10T07:25:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-02-10T07:34:47.727-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Global Business Plan Challenge</title><content type='html'>Estos días estoy ayudando a planear el Global Business Plan Challenge en Harvard Business School (HBS). La idea es que todos los años tengamos a los ganadores de Concursos de Planes de Negocios Locales de varios países del mundo. Hasta el momento, y para este primer año del evento, ya tenemos varios países confirmados. Entre esos esta Colombia, Alemania, Estados Unidos, Lituania. Estamos todavía confirmando la participación de otros países como Grecia, Iceland, Australia, Turquia, Ecuador, Brasil, Argentina, Mexico, Venezuela, entre otros.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nos parece una excelente forma de expandir el espiritu emprendedor que se necesita en el mundo para superar la desigualdad en nuestras sociedades. Si podemos fomentar el espiritu emprendedor, este puede servir como combustible para generar nuevos empleos y oportunidades en nuestros países.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En Colombia especificamente vamos a trabajar con la gente de Ventures (www.ventures.com.co). Es un evento ya consolidado en el país que cuenta con la organización necesaria para comprometerse en esta causa. En Ecuador estamos trabajando con dos grupos conformados por profesionales interesados en fomentar la cultura emprendedora. En Brasil vamos a trabajar de la mano con Endeavor Brasil para que puedan consolidar este evento localmente. Ventures Colombia nos va a guiar en la organizacion de los concursos en Ecuador y Brasil.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ya les contaré mas adelante como nos fue. El primer Global Business Plan Challenge va a realizarse en el mes de Octubre 2007. La fecha tentativa para el evento es el Sabado, 20 de Octubre del 2007. Aun así todavía tenemos que confirmar muchas cosas antes de estar seguros de esa fecha.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-2434558254034982713?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/2434558254034982713/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=2434558254034982713' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/2434558254034982713'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/2434558254034982713'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/02/noticias-desde-boston.html' title='Global Business Plan Challenge'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-116840633197522009</id><published>2007-01-09T21:13:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-01-09T21:29:28.173-08:00</updated><title type='text'>iPhone, lo nuevo de Apple</title><content type='html'>Hoy publicaron una noticia que estaba esperando tanto. El nuevo iPhone (celular + iPod) sale al mercado en un par de meses. Inclusive ya mostraron algunas fotos y aqui estan para que las vean....&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table border="0" width="100%"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;td align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_wifi_001.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px;" src="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_wifi_001.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;td align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_001a.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px;" src="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_001a.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;td align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_001h.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px;" src="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_001h.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;td align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_001d.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px;" src="http://www.iphone101.com/ip_vrt_001d.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-116840633197522009?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/116840633197522009/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=116840633197522009' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/116840633197522009'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/116840633197522009'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/01/iphone-lo-nuevo-de-apple.html' title='iPhone, lo nuevo de Apple'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-116840594273280308</id><published>2007-01-06T21:05:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-01-09T21:13:15.300-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Night at the Museum</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://ffmedia.ign.com/filmforce/image/object/780/780936/night-at-museum-posterboxart_160w.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 320px;" src="http://ffmedia.ign.com/filmforce/image/object/780/780936/night-at-museum-posterboxart_160w.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La semana pasada me vi esta pelicula en cine. Fue mi primera pelicula del año y mi unica pelicula por lo ultimos 2 meses. Realmente no he tenido tiempo de ver peliculas (pero si de jugar Civilization jaja).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La pelicula esta basada en la idea de que por la noche los museos dan vida a la historia. En este caso es verdad.  Aunque a algunos les parecio algo infantil a mi me parecio muy entretenida.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aqui les envio el plot ouline de IMDb: When Larry Daley, a divorced father who can't seem to keep a job for more than a week, applies for a job at the Museum of Natural History, he is assigned as a night guard. However, a seemingly easy job turns out to be a wild ride when he finds that an ancient curse has caused the "inhabitants" of the museum to come to life. After one night of chaos, Larry is ready to quit and find a new job, but a wax figure of Theodore Roosevelt helps him realize that it is his solemn duty to protect the museum and make sure that nothing gets in and nothing gets out.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El protagonista de la pelicula es Ben Stiller pero tambien hay otros famosos como Robin Williams, Owen Wilson, entre otros.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-116840594273280308?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/116840594273280308/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=116840594273280308' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/116840594273280308'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/116840594273280308'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2007/01/cinema-oria-night-at-museum.html' title='Cinema Oria: Night at the Museum'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-116840546707589090</id><published>2006-12-26T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-01-09T21:12:46.580-08:00</updated><title type='text'>CIVILIZATION: The Game</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://pcmedia.gamespy.com/pc/image/article/681/681109/civilization-iv-20060112053029933.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 320px;" src="http://pcmedia.gamespy.com/pc/image/article/681/681109/civilization-iv-20060112053029933.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http:/http://pcmedia.gamespy.com/pc/image/article/681/681109/civilization-iv-20060112053029933.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 320px;" src="http:/http://pcmedia.gamespy.com/pc/image/article/681/681109/civilization-iv-20060112053029933.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unos años atras me di cuenta que era adicto a los juegos de roll. Desafortunadamente (o afortunadamente) desde mi partida de Colombia deje de jugarlos. Para llenar este vacio me he encontrado con juegos de estrategia. Desde Age of Empire hasta Civilization he gastado horas de mi vida en frente de una computadora tratando de derrotar a unos MegaBytes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Desde que me  di cuenta que estaba perdiendo demasiado el tiempo con estos juegos los  escondi . Por varios meses me olvide que esos juegos existian hasta que navegando por internet me encontre con la pagina de Civilization IV. Que pesadilla!. Ahora estoy nuevamente metido en el cuenta perdiendo cada momento de mi tiempo libre en un ´turn´mas.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-116840546707589090?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/116840546707589090/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=116840546707589090' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/116840546707589090'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/116840546707589090'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2006/12/civilization-game.html' title='CIVILIZATION: The Game'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-115776638657167117</id><published>2006-09-01T00:00:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2006-09-08T18:46:26.593-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Las islas griegas</title><content type='html'>Increible como va pasando el tiempo y uno deja de escribir en estos blogs. Lo que en un principio parecia facil de hacer y de actualizar se va convirtiendo en un blog desertico.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bueno como para renovar y comenzar este semestre con nuevos aires, aqui les envio unas fotos de mi ultimo paseo.&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/1600/DSC03403.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC03403.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aqui estamos con Vicky en Mikonos disfrutando del atardecer. Mikonos es una de las islas griegas y seguramente la mas animada de todos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/1600/DSC03392.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC03392.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aqui en el background pueden observar la ciudad. Famosa desde hace decadas, Mikonos se caracteriza por su nightlife y su gay community. Tambien pueden encontrar fabulosos creppes, gatos por todos lados y la mascota de la ciudad (un pelicano).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/1600/DSC03612.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC03612.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Esto es Santorini y Rodas. Otras islas griegas famosas por sus casitas de techos azules y por su colosso.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/1600/DSC03550.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC03550.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mas informacion: Las islas griegas, con 1.300.000 habitantes, se dividen      en varios archipiélagos: Cycladas, Dodecaneso, Jónicas, Espóradas,      islas del Norte del Egeo y las del Golfo Sarónico. Constituyen en total      un hermoso mosaico de más de 2.000 islas, de las que sólo unas      200 están habitadas. Un paraíso para el viajero que desea vivir      la esencia de la civilización occidental. Cultura, arte, costumbres,      se entremezclan con un paisaje inolvidable de aguas cristalinas y azules infinitos      que perduran en la memoria de quien se acerca a conocerlas. Todas ellas con      su peculiar arquitectura, su mitología y su amable hospitalidad. Cada      isla un sueño, o mejor, un deseo hecho realidad.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-115776638657167117?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/115776638657167117/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=115776638657167117' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/115776638657167117'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/115776638657167117'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2006/09/las-islas-griegas.html' title='Las islas griegas'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-114417952889401356</id><published>2006-04-04T12:38:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2006-04-04T12:38:48.936-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Famous Quotes of The Month</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;- Character consists of what you do on the third and fourth tries. &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;(James Michener)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;- We are not retreating - we are advancing in another direction. &lt;br&gt;(General Douglas MacArthur)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;- The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man &lt;br&gt;who cannot read them. (Mark Twain)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;- There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though &lt;br&gt;nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle. &lt;br&gt;(Albert Einstein)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;- You can pretend to be serious; you can't pretend to be witty. &lt;br&gt;(Sacha Guitry)&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Tomado de Chemical Information Services Newsletter. April 06.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-114417952889401356?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/114417952889401356/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=114417952889401356' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/114417952889401356'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/114417952889401356'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2006/04/famous-quotes-of-month.html' title='Famous Quotes of The Month'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-114342196239122858</id><published>2006-03-26T17:12:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2006-03-26T17:12:42.423-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Evolucion Mental ?</title><content type='html'>&lt;DIV&gt;Domingo 26 de Marzo de 2006&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Ya vienen los 30 años.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Es una realidad ineludible. Ya sea que para unos esto ocurra el año entrante y para otros dos o&amp;nbsp;tres años mas tarde, la realidad es que se llegaron los 30, y esto genra lo que se puede llamar una evolución mental ?&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Jeje, todavia me pregunto si es necesaria, real, imperceptible o de nuevo ineludible la evolución mental. (pineso que en muchos casos es involución, pero bueno)&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;No podemos negar, ninguno de nosotros los&amp;nbsp;oreados, que el tiempo ha hecho de las suyas en nuestras costumbres darias, el dia a dia, los horarios, los gustos y&amp;nbsp;las preferencias musicales, etc.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Leyendo el email que escribieron camilo e ivanov a cerca de trabajar como negros pa vivir como blancos o de vivir en la eterna universidad,&amp;nbsp;pensaba,  (personalmente) en que&amp;nbsp;cada uno de nosotros, siendo tan amigos, tan cercanos pero a la vez tan distantes y diferentes hemos tenido diferentes velocidades de evolución&amp;nbsp;(o&amp;nbsp; involución repito) mental de forma tal que diria que personas como marcelo y tato, siempre han sabido para donde van, lo han tenido muy claro, y han hecho "el to do list" completico, es decir: Si quiero ser dr. (Ph D.) pues debo estudiar, ganar expericnai laboral, hacer una maestria o especializacion y pegarle al doctorado, tarea que mi estimadisimo tato ha cumplido a cabalidad. Lo que busco noes dar mi oponion sobre cada uno de ustedes, sino contarles mi realidad.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Pienso que he evolucionado mentalemnte. Jeje, que pretencioso.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Ahora trato de no vivir en los excesos, de ninguna indole, ya todos conocen que cuando se dice trabajar, trabaje como negro, cuando se dice rumbear, tambien se le pego intensamente al perro, cuando se dijo estudiar,  se estudio con juicio, y obvio tambien se perdio mucho tiempo en los casinos, algunas tomadas exageradas de trago, algunas rumbas "de asistente", y otras actividades lúdicas.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;En este momento ando como siempre les digo "en proyectos" jeje que si Dios quiere algun dia se concreten y se puedan hacer muchas más cosas.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;El balance es como bueno, como decia anteriormente se han dejado los excesos, se vive mas armoniosamente, ya me acostumbre a mi esposa (o mas bien creo que ella ya se acostumbro a mi) se disfrutan las cosas con una intensidad menor, pero entonces asi se disfrutan mas cosas.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;En general, desde la realidad de mis proyectos, los problemas de mi oficina y las verdades de mi vida, se les da este nuevo saludo semanal y se les convoca a que traten de escribir asi sea unas lineas locas de reflexion (ya no intensas como antes, mas bien dispersas) o unas lineas de desparche.&lt;/DIV&gt;   &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Se cuidan, buena semana.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Que viajen, que estudien, y que trabajen mucho.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;Morgarian.&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;PD. La prueba mas grande de que he evolucionado (o involucionado) mentalmente, es que ya comence a hacer balances profundos de mi vida. jeje, que nivel....&lt;/DIV&gt;  &lt;DIV&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;p&gt;__________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;Correo Yahoo!&lt;br&gt;Espacio para todos tus mensajes, antivirus y antispam ¡gratis! &lt;br&gt;Regístrate ya - http://correo.espanol.yahoo.com/ &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-114342196239122858?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/114342196239122858/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=114342196239122858' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/114342196239122858'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/114342196239122858'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2006/03/evolucion-mental.html' title='Evolucion Mental ?'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-114294876276849633</id><published>2006-03-21T05:46:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2006-03-21T05:46:03.220-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Una Mente Brillante - Discurso de Steve Jobs</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;Señores.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;En pro del uso del Blogger, escribo esta pequeña columna, que tratare, sea lo mas frecuente y constante posible.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Anoche pasaron por enecima vez en tv colombiana Una Mente Brillante, la historia de John Nash.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Leyendo el discurso de Steve Jobs que envio tato, y a la luz de la historia que presenta Una Mente Brillante, definitivamente la experiencia es lo mas valioso que se tiene en la vida.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Muchas veces la palabra "experto" se extrapola a "perfecto" o por lo menos el cerebro muchas veces lo dispone asi, sin embargo, la experticia o la experiencia son el conjunto de situaciones buenas&amp;nbsp;Y malas, triunfos Y fracasos,&amp;nbsp;aciertos&amp;nbsp;Y desaciertos que se han tenido en la vida.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Pienso que ahí esta la clave, y como lo han dicho en varios emails (con cola gracias huicho) estamos en momentos cruciales en los cuales la  experiencia ya es alguna, la seguimos construyendo, pero solo en unos años, diria yo, 5 o 6 años, veremos los frutos de esas experiencias, que insisto incluyen lo bueno&amp;nbsp;Y lo malo, y aunque la ropa sucia se&amp;nbsp;debe lavar en casa,&amp;nbsp;pues muchas veces uno aprende las experiencias&amp;nbsp;(buenas y malas) de los demas referentes, amigos, hermanos, primos, compañeros de oficina.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;A donde voy con toda esta lora sobre la experiencia ?,&amp;nbsp;pues la verdad a que sigamos compartiendola siempre, es decir, que nos contemos las cosas buenas y las malas, los&amp;nbsp;"proyectos", jeje como decia Allan en el chat de la Oria hace 3 semanas, Jorge siempre&amp;nbsp;vive en proyectos, jeje y es cierto,&amp;nbsp;seguiremos con el proyecto de la cancha de tejo (con miadero o sin miadero), jeje, no en serio, la verdad para mi es muy importante aprender de cada uno de ustedes, de sus experiencias, y poder contarles las mias (no me canso de decirles, buenas&amp;nbsp;Y malas)  para&amp;nbsp;poder aprender y enseñar las cosas que la vida nos va poniendo en el camino a cada uno de nosotros...&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Al mejor estilo del&amp;nbsp;Dr. Pachon (para mi el tato ya es un dr.), les dejo una frasesit ahi para que la piensen, es para que no nos rindamos ante los obstáculos "humanos".&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;"Los grandes espiritus siempre encuentran la violenta oposicion de las mentes mediocres". A. Einstein.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Buena Semana.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Morgarian&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;Martes 21 de Marzo de 2006.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;__________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;Correo Yahoo!&lt;br&gt;Espacio para todos tus mensajes, antivirus y antispam ¡gratis! &lt;br&gt;Regístrate ya - http://correo.espanol.yahoo.com/ &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-114294876276849633?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/114294876276849633/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=114294876276849633' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/114294876276849633'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/114294876276849633'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2006/03/una-mente-brillante-discurso-de-steve.html' title='Una Mente Brillante - Discurso de Steve Jobs'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113331661209685416</id><published>2005-12-18T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:46:09.820-08:00</updated><title type='text'>La Nueva Economía Virtual</title><content type='html'>Hace unos días atrás salió publicado un articulo en FORTUNE ("From Megs to Riches", Nov 18, 2005 By Roger Parloff) que me impactó. El artículo habla de la nueva economía que se ha creado alrededor de los juegos de rol virtual.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Por ejemplo habla de "Paul" que tiene su mansión y su Porsche en Dallas. Paul era un abogado exitoso pero decidió cambiar esa vida por la de los juegos de rol virtuales. Paul juega EverQuest que es un juego virtual de la edad media. Debido a que existe una gran comunidad de personas jugando EverQuest se crea la necesidad de un mercado donde se puedan comprar cosas. Esto no es nada extraordinario y ha existido desde el comienzo de este tipo de juegos. La diferencia es que esta vez las personas están dispuestas a pagar dinero de verdad para adquirir ciertas cosas. Esta Economía Virtual se ha vuelto tan grande que existen personas como Paul que viven de eso. Para facilitar este mercado se han creado bolsas de valores donde se cambian monedas del mundo virtual por monedas del mundo real (i.e. Dólares Estadounidenses). Inclusive existe brokers que te ayudan a hacer los tramites (i.e. Internet Gaming Entertainment).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;EverQuest es un juego creado por Sony con más de 300,000 subscriptores en línea. Aun así no es de los juegos mas populados, se dice que World of Warcraft tiene 4.5 millones de subscriptores.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Otro ejemplo es, Anshe Chung, que tiene un personaje (o "avatar") que hasta ahora ha acumulado riquezas por US$200,000. Estos US$200,000 no son dinero virtual sino dólares Estadounidenses. El avatar de Chung vive en un mundo virtual llamado "Second Life". Ahí se encarga de comprar tierras y construir bienes raíces. Paul explica que el ítem más caro que ha vendido en este mundo virtual fue por 3 millones de piezas de platino (la moneda de EverQuest) que equivalen a US$840 - US$1200 dependiendo de la tasa de cambio del día.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Estamos hablando que solo para la Economía de Everquest se ha calculado que el volumen de transacciones en dinero real (dólares Estadounidenses) equivale a un nivel de PIB que la posicionaría como la economía #77 del mundo. (Mas información en este tipo de análisis en "Synthetic Worlds: The Business and Culture of Online Games de Edward Castronova).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Teniendo en cuenta de la dimensión de esta economía no es sorprendente pensar que ya existen subeconomias. Se dice que en algunos países en vías de desarrollo existen grupos que se dedican a "cultivar" riquezas en este mundo para venderlas por dinero real. Estamos hablando que haciendo actividades sencillas en EverQuest una persona puede ganar US$3.42 dólares la hora.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Algunos pensarían que esta Economía Virtual no tiene mayor volumen pero están equivocados. Estamos hablando de que esta Economía Virtual ha sido calculada en US$200 - US$1000 millones con un crecimiento del 100% anual! Increíble como la simple interacción de personajes en un mundo virtual termina creando un mercado virtual de bits y bytes. Lo que se vende son manifestaciones graficas (i.e. espadas o armadura) de un código creado por una compañía de tecnología (i.e. Sony).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Muchos de estos mundos virtuales tienen políticas que prohíben este tipo de mercado (i.e. EverQuest de Sony) pero aún es imposible controlar este tipo de transacciones. Otros mundos autorizan e inclusive ceden los derechos de propiedad a sus subscriptores (i.e. Second Life de Linden Lab). El problema de estas Economías Virtuales es que si la compañía que crea estos mundos virtuales desmonta los servidores, los subscriptores que tienen invertido dinero real en sus personajes virtuales pierden todo su dinero. Esto nos hace cuestionarnos quien seria el responsable de esta perdida. Por esta misma razón, Sony se evita el problema al decir que no le entrega a sus subscriptores ningún derecho de propiedad sobre los ítems creados en sus mundos virtuales. Hay evidencia para pensar que tarde o temprano las compañías terminarán por aceptar esta nueva economía. Inclusive Sony ha creado una bolsa para el intercambio de mercancía de uno de sus mundos virtuales para una fracción de sus jugadores. Station Exchange, la bolsa de valores de Sony, ha tenido un volumen total de US$540,000, de lo cual Sony se ha llevado una comisión del 10%.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Esta nueva economía emerge en la época cuando nuestra sociedad valora otro tipo de bienes de una manera igualmente subjetiva. Nuestra economía gira entorno a otras necesidades (i.e. prestigio, status) además de las necesidades básicas. Nuestros mercado "real" esta lleno de artículos como diamantes, carteras Louis Vuitton, o botellas de agua donde su valor real difiere con el actual. Ahora, como decirle al jugador del mundo virtual que el bien que compro para su personaje virtual no tiene un valor real.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113331661209685416?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113331661209685416/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113331661209685416' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113331661209685416'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113331661209685416'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/12/la-nueva-economa-virtual.html' title='La Nueva Economía Virtual'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113330175915428805</id><published>2005-12-04T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T08:03:49.913-08:00</updated><title type='text'>La primera ciudad de America</title><content type='html'>Estuve en "tierra!". Si, estuve en lo que seguramente el marinero de Cristobal Colon vió cuando grito "tierra!".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC01494.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La capital de República Dominicana, Santo Domingo, fue fundada -segun los historiadores- en los últimos años del siglo XV, entre 1494 y 1498, por el Adelantado Bartolomé Colón, hermano de Cristóbal Colón. Santo Domingo fue la primera ciudad fundada en el Nuevo Mundo. La ciudad fue ergida del lado oriental del Río Ozama. Lamentablemente tuvo que ser transladada al lado occidental debido al conflicto con otro tipo de comunidad, hormigas. Debido a que el lado oriental estaba infestado de hormigas el gobernador Fray Nicolás de Ovando la reconstruyó en 1502 en el lado occidental del Río Ozama. Santo Domingo se convertiría en el hogar del hijo de Cristobal Colón, Diego Colón. (Abajo la foto de su residencia).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC01504.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La ciudad sirvió como modelo de otras ciudades coloniales en América, incluyendo todas las de Suramérica. En el sector colonial se construyeron las edificaciones más relevantes de la Colonia. Entre ellas la Fortaleza Ozama (1era Edificación Militar en el nuevo Mundo), el primer hospital de San Nicolás de Bari y el Monasterio de San Francisco. Para 1521 la ciudad había comenzado la construcción de la primera catedral de Las Américas, la cual fue eregida en Catedral Metropolitana y Primada de las Indias, llegando a ser Centro de la Cristianidad del Hemisferio. (Abajo la foto de la catedral)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC01502.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aunque sea dificil creerlo no fue en EEUU donde se creó la primera universidad del Nuevo Mundo sino en Santo Domingo. En 1538 se creó la primera universidad de América con el nombre de Santo Tomás de Aquino. Esta se constituyó en un centro de gran actividad intelectual que dió a Santo Domingo el nombre de Atenas del Nuevo Mundo. (Abajo el Faro a Colón, donde están los restos del Almirante).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/320/DSC01496.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mi visita a este extraordinario país fue definitivamente muy grato. La amabilidad de su gente y lo imponente de ciertos monumentos me impactaron de una manera que nunca imagine. i.e. Ese monumento donde yace los restos de Cristobal Colón es impresionante. (Abajo foto del faro prendido)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7457/872/400/Faro%20a%20Colon.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Espero puedan visitar Republica Dominicana pronto. Sus playas (La Romana y Punta Cana), su capital (el centro histórico) y su gente son algo que no se pueden perder. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113330175915428805?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113330175915428805/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113330175915428805' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113330175915428805'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113330175915428805'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/12/la-primera-ciudad-de-america.html' title='La primera ciudad de America'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113328091292721856</id><published>2005-11-29T08:15:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-11-29T08:22:17.606-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Broken Flowers (2005)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1966/366/1600/bilde.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1966/366/320/bilde.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="mobile-post"&gt;Proximamente mis impresiones de esta pelicula.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113328091292721856?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113328091292721856/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113328091292721856' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113328091292721856'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113328091292721856'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-broken-flowers-2005_29.html' title='Cinema Oria: Broken Flowers (2005)'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113327951763726188</id><published>2005-11-29T07:51:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-11-29T07:51:57.643-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: La Historia del Baul Rosado (2005)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;La historia es buena. Me gusta que en Colombia hagamos peliculas de todo tipo, debo decir que soy fanatico de las que cuentan nuestra cruda realidad, del estilo de Sumas y Restas (2005) y Rosario Tijeras (2005); sin embargo esta pelicula es diferente, es de los años 40 diria yo, cuando en Colombia teniamos al Uribe de la epoca, Gaitan, y nos cuenta como&amp;nbsp;hay en nosotros, en el chibcha raso, genes que estamos resueltos o no a expresar, y son la codicia, y la trampa. Vale la pena ver una historia un poco lenta, pero que crudamente nos cuenta de verdad que la culpa no es de Uribe, ni de Serpa, ni de Peñalosa ni de ninguno, sino tal vez de Bolivar, por haber libertado esto que tal vez deberia ser parqueadero de aviones gringos, jeje, mentiras debio ser, porque ahora esta URIBE !!! y valga la cuña.  &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113327951763726188?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113327951763726188/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113327951763726188' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113327951763726188'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113327951763726188'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-la-historia-del-baul.html' title='Cinema Oria: La Historia del Baul Rosado (2005)'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113246680318146101</id><published>2005-11-20T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-11-19T22:07:43.853-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Harry Potter y El Caliz del Fuego</title><content type='html'>Como algunos sabran este es el cuarto libro de la inglesa Joanne Kathleen Rowling. Los primeros tres libros y sus peliculas correspondientes (Harry Potter y La Piedra Filosofal, Harry Potter y La Camara Secreta, y Harry Potter y El Prisionero de Azkaban) fueron todo un exito en taquilla. No dudo que esta cuarta pelicula lo sera.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Saque esta parte de un site que encontre en internet que explica brevemente la historia de Harry Potter hasta esta cuarta pelicula para entrar en contexto: "Harry Potter en el primer libro; "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone" (Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal), es un chico de 11 años huérfano que descubre que tiene poderes hechiceros. Sus padres también habían sido hechiceros, pero fueron asesinados por el malvado brujo Lord Voldemort. Harry vive con los Dursleys, los familiares que se hicieron cargo de él al quedar huérfano, estos lo tratan despóticamente. Tras enterarse de su herencia hechicera el jovencito decidió matricularse en la escuela de hechicería y brujería Hogwarts, hecho que le da inicio a la trama. Cada libro le añade una año de vida a Harry, y narra las experiencias que este vive mientras estudia en la singular escuela incluyendo los diferentes conflictos que tiene con sus enemigos. El segundo libro se titula: "Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets" (Harry Potter y la cámara secreta), en este Harry descubre qué es lo que está ocasionando que algunos estudiantes de la escuela Hogwarts se tornen en piedras. En el tercer título "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban"(Harry Potter y el prisionero de Azkaban) el supuesto asesino y padrino de Harry; Sirius Black, se escapa de la cárcel de hechiceros y anda en búsqueda del niño aprendiz."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ahora en esta pelicula, el cuarto libro, Harry Potter compite en la copa mundial de hechiseros de Quiddith. Al parecer la pelicula deja a un lado muchos detalles que sueceden en el libro, aun asi me confirman personas que han leido el libro que no quedaron decepcionados. Esta pelicula tiene varios pros en comparacion a las otras. Primero que la pelicula se comienza a volver mas oscura y mas trascendental. Segundo los efecto especiales son formidables. Tercero comienzan a haber mas conexiones con Voldemort.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En general es una pelicula divertida. No estamos hablando de una pelicula que va a ser trascendental en nuestra existencia pero si una que te divertira un Martes de Pelicula.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moraleja: Los lideres no llegan a ser exitosos si no tienen la ayuda de su equipo. Todos los lideres son humanos y si no incentivan eficazmente a sus equipos no pueden lograr nada. Es basico el entendimiento y motivacion entre lideres y equipo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rating: *** (de cinco)&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113246680318146101?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113246680318146101/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113246680318146101' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113246680318146101'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113246680318146101'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-harry-potter-y-el-caliz.html' title='Cinema Oria: Harry Potter y El Caliz del Fuego'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113226496968510845</id><published>2005-11-17T14:01:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-11-17T14:02:49.696-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Me without you (2001)</title><content type='html'>Tome usted por ejemplo a Fulana y a Sutana. Cuando usted las conoció, ellas dos ya eran un par de amigas inseparables desde los ocho años de edad. Ellas salían juntas a en los recreos a la cancha de volley-ball y ellas iban juntas a la cafetería en los huecos y ellas salían juntas para comer después de la oficina.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Y un buen día Fulana lo llama a usted a decirle que Sutana es una malparida, que ahí está pintada, que esa vieja es una mala amiga porque le hizo ojitos a su novio en el prom, porque la dejó botada para el trabajo de microeconomía por irse a tomar cerveza con el hippie ese del novio,  porque no estuvo pendiente de ella cuando tuvo un lío con el jefe. Y usted se encuentra después a Sutana y le suelta el rollo de que Fulana es una india, que hizo una fiesta después del icfes y que no la invitó, que habló mal de ella en un asado que hicieron con los quinto semestre, que se metió con su exnovio cuando cambió de puesto y ni siquiera le contó.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fulana y Sutana ya no se hablan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Y esta película habla de eso. De la profunda complejidad que se teje en las relaciones de amistad entre las mujeres – como comentaría una usuaria de imdb.com, a quien le encantó la película - con sus dolores, sus sueños y sus expectativas, tratando de definirse y encontrar su verdadera identidad a partir de una honesta proyección en un alma también femenina que la complementa. O – desde mi ángulo -  de los problemas guevones en un par de viejas que son amigas. Desde que tenían doce años hasta que ya están casadas y con hijos. La ambientación es simpática, la banda sonora decente, las actrices irritantes (tan irritantes como cuando Fulana y Sutana se pelean). El tema no me puede parecer menos interesante (ni siquiera me parece interesante cuando conozco a Fulana y a Sutana). Pero en general el tono melodramático de la película apesta.  Una película con una trama similar, llamada Thirteen (con la excelente Holly Hunter), aunque es mucho más explosiva y conflictiva tiene un manejo más directo, que no se va por las ramas como en este y resulta siendo una muy buena película.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Según leo los comentarios de mujeres en imdb.com, Me withouth you es una película sensible, inteligente, que muestra verdaderamente la realidad de cómo es la amistad entre dos mujeres. Que se sentían identificadas. Que lloraron al verse reflejadas en la pantalla. Que la directora había esculcado en sus corazones.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusión: Las viejas puede que disfruten más esta película.  A mi me la mandaron por equivocación los del servicio de alquiler de películas. Créanme.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Es inglesa y dudo que la consigan. En todo caso, no la vean.&lt;br /&gt;Le doy * (de cinco)&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113226496968510845?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113226496968510845/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113226496968510845' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113226496968510845'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113226496968510845'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-me-without-you-2001.html' title='Cinema Oria: Me without you (2001)'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113165637570378826</id><published>2005-11-10T12:58:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-11-10T12:59:35.716-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Melinda and Melinda (2004)</title><content type='html'>Es de noche, llueve, y unos  amigos cenan en un restaurante de Nueva York. Dos de ellos son escritores y discuten animadamente entorno a cuál es la  fuerza determinante en nuestra existencia. Uno sostiene que es la tragedia y el otro asegura que es la comedia. Un tercero los interrumpe y  les cuenta entonces, brevemente, las generalidades de una historia cualquiera. La idea es que los escritores determinen si acaso ésta corresponde al mundo de las risas o al mundo de las lágrimas. Ocurre entonces que ambos escritores interpretan la historia como propia, llena de los elementos necesarios para conducir una hilarante comedia romántica  para uno, o enmarcada en una inevitable tragedia para el otro. Cada uno cuenta la historia como la ve. Y ahí arranca Melinda y Melinda.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Del extraordinario Woody Allen, Melinda y Melinda es una deliciosa experiencia narrativa en la que se nos invita a ver como a partir de ciertos detalles de una historia cualquiera, se pueden dar interpretaciones tan radicales de los mismos acontecimientos. Confieso que yo ya estaba sesgado con respecto a esta película porque soy un profundo admirador del trabajo de Allen. Y no es broma. Recuerdo que para cuando yo tenía 12 años y la Señorita Cordero nos preguntaba en la clase de inglés cuál era nuestra película favorita yo respondía sin titubear que Manhattan. Pero aún así creo que soy equilibrado al decir que es una estupenda película que puede gustarles a casi todos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Si es la primera vez que se enfrentan a  Allen , tal vez sea esta una buena película para comenzar a explorar su larga obra: En efecto, es bastante reciente (su penúltima de hecho), hay varias caras conocidas, el tema es muy interesante y aunque exhibe muy bien el tipo de narrativa que utiliza el director newyorkino, no abruma tanto a un espectador novato. Así que hay risas (más bien moderadas) y hay angustias (más bien moderadas) que pueden dar una idea de que es lo que hace Woody Allen.&lt;br /&gt;(pero mucho cuidado! esta no es ni de cerca su mejor película). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aunque la idea se me hace excelente, tengo que señalar que las historias paralelas vistas por separado se diluyen bastante y no pasan de ser una comedia medio floja y un dramita ahí más o menos. Obviamente el eje de la película es la comparación de las interpretaciones de un mismo evento, sin embargo estoy seguro que se hubiera podido ser más extremo y tener en la misma  película, simultáneamente, risas incontrolables y aguada de ojos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Las actuaciones son fabulosas, pero eso se debe a que usualmente Allen se puede rodear de los mejores actores que ofrece AMERICA (jejejeje). Una nota interesante: Como Woody Allen ya está muy viejo para representar el papel cómico de el hombre de edad media sobre el que recae la historia, se ha valido en las últimas películas de un actor para que lo encarne. Asi pués, podemos ver en esta  a Will Ferrell hablando como Allen, actuando como Allen pero, como es normal, sin lograr desbancar a Allen como el más genial y genuino de los actores cómicos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recomiendo verla o alquilarla. No es indispensable, pero si es TOTALMENTE INDISPENSABE ver algo de Woody Allen. En eso si no hay duda. Si no consiguen esta (que como ya he dicho, puede ser un buen abrebocas pero no es lo más significativo de sus creaciones) traten Manhattan Murder Mystery, Everyone Says I Love you o Mighty Aphrodite. Otra reciente de Allen que no estuvo mal fue Anything Else (y en esa ocasión fue Jason Biggs, el de Americna Pie, quien encarnó el papel de Allen). Todas esas son comedias, sin embargo noten que Allen también tiene una buena colección de películas en una vena más seria.  No vean The Curse of the Jade Scorpion (muy mala, pero la vi con cariño, por ser de quien es). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Le doy *** (sobre cinco)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Reflexión Post-Película: Tomen un evento cualquiera de su vida. Podrían contarlo primero como una comedia Y luego como un drama? Al recordar como solían ser nuestras charlas, me parece que eran eso: Dramas, muchos dramas, y risas, muchas risas.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113165637570378826?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113165637570378826/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113165637570378826' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113165637570378826'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113165637570378826'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-melinda-and-melinda-2004.html' title='Cinema Oria: Melinda and Melinda (2004)'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113244448240094247</id><published>2005-11-06T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:44:43.976-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Sahara (2005)</title><content type='html'>Tengo que admitir que cuando vi esta pelicula pense que seria bien mala. Mis expectativas estaban por el suelo por lo que creo que la disfrute mucho.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La pelicula se basa en la leyenda de que en la guerra civil estado unidense se perdio un barco con un tesoro (monedas de esa epoca). Basicamente un explorador que esta obsesionado con la leyenda termina rastreando el buque hasta Africa. En todo este perenque se cruza con Penelope Cruz que esta investigando una epidemia en el mismo pais. Al final todo -obviamente- esta relacionado con el fin del mundo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Para lo que prefieren otra sinopsis de la pelicula, les adjunto la del site "No me cuentes peliculas" y dice asi:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Cuando el gran explorador Dirk Pitt (Matthew McConaughey) descubre una legendaria moneda con mucha historia, empieza la mayor aventura de su vida al emprender la búsqueda de un tesoro a través de algunas de las regiones más peligrosas de África entre ellas el desierto del sahara.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mientras intentan por todos los medios encontrar lo que los nativos llaman “El barco de la muerte”, un antiguo buque de guerra que esconde una carga secreta desaparecido durante la Guerra de Secesión, Dirk Pitt y su ocurrente compañero Al Giordino (Steve Zahn), conocen a la Dra. Eva Rojas (Penélope Cruz), una mujer tan brillante como atractiva que teme que el tesoro perdido sea el causante de un problema mucho mayor, una auténtica amenaza para el mundo que les rodea. Nadie cree en el buque perdido. Dirk, Al y Eva sólo cuentan con su inteligencia y su valentía para vencer a peligrosos guerreros, conquistar paisajes imposibles y llegar al fondo del misterio."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Creo que la pelicula se amerita alquilarla para pasar un buen rato.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Moraleja: Hay mujeres tan bonitas como inteligentes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rating ** (de cinco)&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113244448240094247?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113244448240094247/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113244448240094247' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113244448240094247'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113244448240094247'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-sahara-2005.html' title='Cinema Oria: Sahara (2005)'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113089148000206247</id><published>2005-11-01T16:24:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2007-01-09T20:53:16.613-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Elecciones 2006</title><content type='html'>(proximamente)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Las encuestas dicen que más del 70% lo aprueba y la intención de voto por él es del 56%. Eso significa más o menos que en un grupo de seis personas uno de ellos estará en contra, y que tal vez otro prefiera votar por otro candidato. Los cuatro restantes lo aprueban incondicionalmente. Cuáles serán sus argumentos?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LA SANCTA ORIA FRENTE A LAS ELECCIONES 2006&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Siguiendo las más antigua de las tradiciones de la Oria, frente a este tema no hay concenso, hay grupos divididos y hay fuerte discusión. Comencemos pués.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113089148000206247?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113089148000206247/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113089148000206247' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113089148000206247'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113089148000206247'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/elecciones-2006_01.html' title='Elecciones 2006'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113089029069056071</id><published>2005-11-01T16:07:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-01-09T20:54:28.776-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Qué es lo que estudia Ricardo?</title><content type='html'>Todos sabemos que es algo de matemáticas, pero, acaso alguien sabe que carajos es lo que lleva estudiando tanto tiempo?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pues bueno, ha llegado la hora de revelar ese misterio.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113089029069056071?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113089029069056071/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113089029069056071' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113089029069056071'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113089029069056071'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/qu-es-lo-que-estudia-ricardo.html' title='Qué es lo que estudia Ricardo?'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113089000263166241</id><published>2005-11-01T16:01:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2007-01-09T20:54:03.136-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Vahid e Itay</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1966/366/1600/DSC00038.0.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; float: left;" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1966/366/320/DSC00038.0.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113089000263166241?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113089000263166241/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113089000263166241' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113089000263166241'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113089000263166241'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/vahid-e-itay.html' title='Vahid e Itay'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113088683865285850</id><published>2005-11-01T14:27:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-11-01T15:13:58.666-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: El Otro Lado de la Cama (2002)</title><content type='html'>Comedia española bien ligerita pero bastante amena. Cuenta la historia de los juegos de infidelidades dentro de un grupo de amigos post-30 años. Así, simple. Ciertamente esta no es una historia muy original, sin embargo si lo es la manera como la cuenta: como un musical. Esa es una propuesta bien osada que nunca había visto en una película española de los últimos años, sobretodo porque es necesario implementar coreografías y canciones que no siempre gustan al espectador, y que han dejado de estar en las pantallas de cine por un buen tiempo. Sin embargo, aunque en ocasiones son un poco torpes y sonsas los bailes y las letras, el efecto en general es positivo y refrescante. Como buena película española la componente picante está presente en todo momento, sin embargo me parece que viene en una dosis adecuada (tal vez un poco pasada para una tía mogijata) lo que le da un gran punto a su favor.  Pero por el otro lado (de la cama) hay algunos chistes que son como medio flojos y eso es un veneno para cualquier comedia. Muchos lugares comunes. Hay un par de personajes (ninguno de los principales por suerte) que desvían la atención. Yo me hubiera concentrado mucho más en el enredo de la infidelidad, ese es un tema que no tiene solución cerrada, uno siempre tiene que decir algo al respecto y además los actores principales (las dos parejas) estaban sobrados como para explotarlos más, Ojo con Paz Vega (la pelinegra) que sale divina..&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Por lo anterior, recomiendo alquilarla pero para un plan de desparche (no para la noche familiar o para alquilarla con muchos amigos).&lt;br /&gt;Le doy ** (sobre 5)&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113088683865285850?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113088683865285850/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113088683865285850' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113088683865285850'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113088683865285850'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/11/cinema-oria-el-otro-lado-de-la-cama.html' title='Cinema Oria: El Otro Lado de la Cama (2002)'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113010242179424001</id><published>2005-10-23T14:20:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:40:40.070-08:00</updated><title type='text'>La globalización versus la discriminación</title><content type='html'>Con la globalización convirtiendose en una realidad de todos los días, la naturaleza discriminatoria que las sociedades han heredado de la historia, esta destinada a evolucionar. La globalización ha puesto en evidencia las diferencias de pensamiento entre las diferentes sociedades en el mundo. Esta divergencia de pensamientos esta mucho mas recalcada en sociedades con diferentes religiones o principios. Lo interesante es que aunque las comunicaciones han avanzado, el ser humano no ha evolucionado a esa misma velocidad para incorporar estas diferencias entre las sociedades. La globalización y las comunicaciones nos han dado la oportunidad de conocer nuevas culturas, sociedades y religiones, pero muchos seres humanos en vez de tratar de entenderlas se han concentrado en criticarlas. De ahí parten las discriminaciones a ciertas culturas, religiones o sociedades que no comprendemos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Es muy común por ejemplo escuchar a un Latino Americano decir que no confía en los “chinos” (sin ni siquiera diferenciar entre los diferentes países asiáticos), o a un español que no confía en los árabes, o a un japonés que no confía en los rusos. Esto se debe a unos paradigmas que nos heredaron nuestras familias y nuestra sociedad. Muchas veces este sentimiento esta basado en nuestra historia y nuestras raíces. Lamentablemente muchos seres humanos no se toman el momento para analizar este tipo de critica generalizada. Obviamente que esta falta de análisis se debe a que en general la interacción entre estas culturas y la propia es mínima. Afortunadamente la globalización esta cambiando esto. Desafortunadamente los seres humanos no nos estamos adaptando a la misma velocidad.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lo interesante es que muchos de los estereotipos tienen un comienzo en este tipo de discriminación. Por ejemplo, una de las críticas más grandes que tiene Latinoamérica es que son muy “clasistas”. Analizando este tema y tratando de encontrarle una razón lógica por lo cual son así, caí en cuenta de una posible respuesta. Para poder explicar mi teoría me voy a ir a un extremo. Todos sabemos que Latinoamérica ha invadido el mundo con desplazados de sus economías. Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Brasil, México,… hasta Chile... tienen sus pequeñas colonias en diferentes países. Algunos en América, otros en Europa, pero inclusive en países tan lejanos como Australia. Muchos de estos inmigrantes salen de sus países a buscar un mundo mejor, con bajos recursos económicos y a veces con una educación marginal tratan de encontrar mejor suerte en otros países. Los países receptores de esta inmigración muchas veces no lo ven con buenos ojos, especialmente las sociedades que sienten que sus empleados perderán su trabajo a mano de estos inmigrantes que ofrecerán sus servicios por un precio mas bajo. Desde ahí parte una discriminación –que creo se ha venido generalizando a todos los países que esta fundada en el resentimiento entendible de aquellos que han sido afectados por esta inmigración. Lamentablemente este tipo de discriminación generalizada causa que otros latinoamericanos tengan la necesidad de diferenciarse de la masa. Atribuyéndose mayor nivel académico, social o económico tratan de apartarse del ojo de la discriminación. Al mismo tiempo este tipo de individuos discriminan a sus propios compatriotas para sentirse a la misma altura del discriminador. En estos casos la culpa la tienen los dos, tanto el latinoamericano "clasista" que por su poca visión no puede darse cuenta de las similitudes con sus propios compatriotas; como la sociedad que generaliza una discriminación basada en sus resentimientos, sin entender que ya los países no son islas sino parte de un todo. Tarde o temprano la globalización va a romper (legal o ilegalmente) todas las barreras para la movilidad del capital humano. Ya lo ha venido haciendo desde hace mucho tiempo. Un ejemplo claro es como el 15% de la población estadounidense es de origen hispano.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El hecho en que algunas ciudades de Estados Unidos exista una sociedad tan heterogénea causa que este tipo de comportamientos discriminatorios se reduzcan. Esto se debe a que no se encuentra una masa crítica donde apoyar los sentimientos encontrados de estos discriminadores. Por otro lado en países con sociedad mas homogéneas la discriminación es mas fácil de cultivar. Aun así todas las sociedades discriminan de alguna u otra forma. El tipo de discriminación es diferente, puede llegar a extremos como los que hemos encontrado en ciertas ramas musulmanas, o pueden ser tan sutiles como la discriminación del Colombiano hacia países que según la opinión del ciudadano común y corriente son inferiores a Colombia (i.e. Ecuador o Bolivia). Lo interesante es que ningún tipo de discriminación esta bien fundamentada ya que parte de una generalización. Religiones como la musulmana abarcan un sin numero de creyentes que no necesariamente comparten las mismas opiniones. Países como Ecuador y Bolivia tienen igual que Colombia sociedades de personas educadas, de personas analfabetas, de personas profesionales, de personas ignorantes, de personas exitosas, etc.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Claramente en un principio la discriminación con base en la raza era lo más obvia. Ahora con sociedades fundamentadas en la mezcla de razas es difícil poder encontrar un terreno en el cual ponerse de acuerdo con respecto a la base de la discriminación para cualquier sociedad. Hemos evolucionado entonces a una discriminación con base en una mezcla de principios, culturas, religiones, razas y creencias. Yo creería que con la evolución de las comunicaciones y el nivel de globalización que hemos alcanzado, el ser humano evolucionara a un tipo de discriminación mucho más sutil. Las comunicaciones y la globalización nos darán a entender la diversidad entre las diferentes sociedad, y con suerte (y un poco de reflexión) llegaremos a comprender estas diferencias, y algún día a aceptarlas.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113010242179424001?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113010242179424001/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113010242179424001' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113010242179424001'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113010242179424001'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/10/la-globalizacin-versus-la.html' title='La globalización versus la discriminación'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113008598957661479</id><published>2005-10-23T09:42:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2005-10-23T09:46:29.643-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Cinema Oria: Crash (2004)</title><content type='html'>(Me la vi antes de ayer, asi que aguanta comentarla de una vez). Es del año pasado pero llegó a Holanda hasta ahora, no se cuando habrá llegado a Colombia. Entre los famosos están Brendan Fraser, Mat Dilon y Sandra Bullock . Buena película! Para mostrar que en Hollywood se pueden hacer películas inteligentes. La trama gira entorno a los choques de culturas bien diferentes cuando las pones a convivir en espacios tan complejos como son las grandes urbes occidentales (LA en este caso). Interesante porque de entrada enfrenta el problema de marcar con estereotipos a cada grupo y juego con eso durante los 113 minutos (los latinos quedamos como unos principes en la película, en serio!). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recomiendo verla o alquilarla, aunque no es indispensable.&lt;br /&gt;Es interesante, inteligente y tiene dos o tres chistes buenos. Buena banda sonora.&lt;br /&gt;Un poco melodramática en algunas cosas y hay algunas subhistorias que no me parecieron tan interesantes.&lt;br /&gt;Le doy *** (sobre cinco).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Reflexión post-película:&lt;br /&gt;En Colombia eso no pasa mucho porque nuestras ciudades no son una licuadora de tantas culturas TAN diferentes (obviamente paisas, costeños, opitas y cachacos todos metidos en un solo lugar pesa, pero no es tan dramático). Pero de las cosas que mas me han impresionado de vivir aquí en Holanda es la mezcla tan tremenda que hay. Tengo que confesar que yo no me libro de ponerle una marca a la gente y por ejemplo a mi los árabes me dan mala espina (más no los persas... aunque tengo que volver a confesar que me es dificil diferenciarlos) y los chinos (de la china) no me parecen de fiar.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cómo perciben ustedes a los otros grupos culturales?&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113008598957661479?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113008598957661479/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113008598957661479' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113008598957661479'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113008598957661479'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/10/cinema-oria-crash-2004.html' title='Cinema Oria: Crash (2004)'/><author><name>Ricardo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00353668153303079287</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113005129805118239</id><published>2005-03-01T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:43:23.846-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Desempolvando la idea</title><content type='html'>Hace ya mas de 7 años que comenzaba una tradición de escribir lo que pensabamos. Comenzamos muy sencillos con opiniones del cine de esa época. Ahora quiero abrir nuevamente el telón para que todos participemos. La idea no es solo hablar de cine sino de cualquier cosa que se nos ocurra. Obviamente que esto sera muchisimo más fácil de publicar que el otro site. Convertimos el antiguo Cinema Oria en Blog Sancta Oria. Bienvenido Oreado!.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113005129805118239?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113005129805118239/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113005129805118239' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005129805118239'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005129805118239'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/2005/03/desempolvando-la-idea.html' title='Desempolvando la idea'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113005265551442334</id><published>1998-03-01T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:43:42.506-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Blanco y Negro, sombras y amigos juntos en una sola fotografia.</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Caverna.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Caverna.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;"... y las puertas abrí al punto de mi estancia; ¡Sombras sólo y nada más!" El Cuervo &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto12.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto12.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;Los saltos pueden ser más dificiles de lo que parecen ser. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto21.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto21.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;Apoyando a un amigo&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto3.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto3.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;Que el cielo caiga sobre nuestras cabezas &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto4.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto4.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;Un triunfo de la Ingeniería (con ocasional ayuda de la amistad) &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto5.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto5.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;"Just do it" &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto6.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto6.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;Dar la espalda &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto7.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto7.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Un triunfo de la Amistad (con ocasional ayuda de la Ingeniería)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto8.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto8.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;El Reflejo &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/1600/Foto9.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/5008/1396/320/Foto9.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p align="center"&gt;Definitivamente saltar es más dificil de lo que parece &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113005265551442334?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113005265551442334/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113005265551442334' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005265551442334'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005265551442334'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/1998/03/blanco-y-negro-sombras-y-amigos-juntos.html' title='Blanco y Negro, sombras y amigos juntos en una sola fotografia.'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113005163075086982</id><published>1997-03-01T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:42:48.013-08:00</updated><title type='text'>CINEMA ORIA</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sobre un asiento alto y haciendo la última llamada se encuentra uno de nosotros: "Si, un mensaje para el código ...". Se escucha un grito desde el tercer piso donde el resto se encuentra "Digale que le vamos a comprar la boleta, asi que es mejor que llegue". &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Descendiendo las escaleras un grupo numeroso de personas terminan de acomodarse los sacos y las chaquetas que permitirán tolerar un poco más el inclemente frio a la hora del regreso. El auricular del telefono ahora esta colgado y el último en la fila hace un rápido repaso de su rostro frente al espejo. La puerta (que siempre abrió de manera contraria) se cierra bruscamente y no permite que escuchemos más que risas tenues que se alejan, comentarios sarcasticos amortiguados por la lejanía y pasos, ahora ocultos por el tiempo. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;La fria casa ahora está vacia y oscura. Los corredores, las escaleras, la sala, la cocina y el comedor (en donde una reloj cucu marca un cuarto para las nueve). En el tercer piso, en una pequeña y caótica habitación, la tenue luz de la luna logra colarse lo suficiente como para percibir a los pies de las sillas, junto a algunos vasos de cocacola medio vacios y de las maletas abiertas que permiten ver varios libros y cuadernos, un periodico desordenado que exhibe unas gruesas letras negras : &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Santafe de Bogotá, Martes. CINE &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113005163075086982?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113005163075086982/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113005163075086982' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005163075086982'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005163075086982'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/1997/03/cinema-oria.html' title='CINEMA ORIA'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18187267.post-113005170682064420</id><published>1996-03-01T00:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2005-12-04T07:42:27.996-08:00</updated><title type='text'>BIENVENIDOS OREADOS (ANTIGUA)</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tantas veces nos quejamos de lo que no tenemos.... Abrimos una revista y mil articulos nos saltan a la vista. Avisos clasificados nos clasifican nuestros gustos, nuestros deseos, nuestras necesidades [nuestros amigos]. El mundo de la felicidad se abre como un abanico mostrando los artefactos, que una vez adquiridos, nos aseguraran ser reconocidos y aprobados por una sociedad que ha hecho del tener, de lo que se ve, de lo que aparece, la norma del convivir, porque si no lo posees no "estas en nada". La receta para la felicidad viene empacada en chocolates para el alma, en diez pasos para el exito, en diez pasos para el exito, en formulas prescritas que te convertiran en el mejor vendedor, el mejor amante, en el mejor padre, con la ayuda de la tecnologia de punta. El Elixir magico para la buena salud viene en vitaminas asombrosas que una vez ingeridas van a garantizar el vigor y la juventud permanente. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;El hombre se siente vacio cuando no ha descubierto sus potencialidades interiores cuando matiene virgen sus habilidades y talentos cuando no se ha vivenciado como un ser humano autentico, poseedor de dotes especiales con una mision especifica sobre la faz de la tierra. Frente a ese preligros continente inexplorado no encuentra mejor camino que consumir avidamente lo de afuera que le permite aplacar temporalemtne ese aterrador vacio interior, que le evita correr el riesgo de descubrir quien es y comprometerse consigo mismo, lo cual lo convertiria de un inerte y alienado homo consumens a un genuino y liberado homo sapiens. No obstante, la causa de la verdadera felicidad la conocian ya los sabios de la antiguedad. Hace dos mil anios Origenes lo revelo: "Comprende que tu eres otro mundo en pequenio y que en ti se hallan el sol, la luna y tambien las estrellas...". Aminta Buenanno. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es ahora cuando uno entiende que la mejor salvacion para el espiritu no es una dosis de misas cada domingo, ni mucho menos unas plegarias al irse a dormir. La mejor salvacion en esta tierra es rodearse de esos amigos que le conocen hasta las estrellas y lo acompannaran mucho mas lejos que estas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/18187267-113005170682064420?l=sanctaoria.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/feeds/113005170682064420/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=18187267&amp;postID=113005170682064420' title='4 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005170682064420'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/18187267/posts/default/113005170682064420'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://sanctaoria.blogspot.com/1996/03/bienvenidos-oreados-antigua.html' title='BIENVENIDOS OREADOS (ANTIGUA)'/><author><name>Marcelo Burbano</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00394915697034994167</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>4</thr:total></entry></feed>
